# Chamilo - Installation Guide

Thank you for downloading Chamilo

- You can test Chamilo LMS, as teacher, without installing it, on Free Campus

This guide explains how to install Chamilo FREE. Please read this fully before proceeding with the installation.

Spanish: También puede leer esta guía de instalación en español.

French: Vous pouvez aussi lire ce guide d'installation en français.

Italian: You can also read this guide in Italian.

## Contents

1. Pre-requisites
2. Installation of Chamilo LMS
3. Upgrade from a previous version of Chamilo/Dok€os
4. Troubleshooting
5. Administration section
6. LDAP
7. Mathematical formulas with LaTeX
8. Mathematical formulas with ASCIIMathML
9. Mathematical formulas with WIRIS
10. Full-text indexation with Xapian
11. Chamilo Rapid - PPT conversion system
12. Setting chronological tasks
13. Changing the language's firstname/lastname order
14. Improving files download time
15. Videoconference

## 1. Pre-requisites

Chamilo can be installed on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X and UNIX servers indifferently. However, we recommend the use of Linux server for optimal flexibility, remote control and scalability.
Chamilo is mainly a LMS running (the so called AMP trilogy):

- Apache (2.2 recommended)
- MySQL 5.1 or 5.5 (or MariaDB)
- PHP 5.4, 5.5 or 5.6 (5.6 recommended for greater efficiency)

All these pieces of software are free software and freely available.
To run Chamilo LMS on your server, you need to install WAMP, LAMP or MAMP:

- To install WAMP (AMP on Windows), we recommend the XAMPP .exe installer
- To install LAMP (AMP on Linux), use the Package manager of your favourite distribution (Synaptic, RPMFinder etc.). For instance, on a Ubuntu server, use Shell or Synaptic following the Ubuntuguide on Apache and the following sections
- To install MAMP (AMP on Mac OS X), refer to the MAMP dedicated website
- Make sure you check the Dependencies page if you need to know the requirements in more precise way.

### MySQL or MariaDB database server

You will need a login and password allowing to manage and create a database. Usually, the default configuration on local computers is to allow you to connect as root with an empty password. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED to change the password and define a user with access to only a specific database. Please refer to the MySQL or MariaDB documentation in order to do this.
Note that this has been greatly simplified since version 1.9, as it previously required to choose between multiple databases and a deprecated single-database mode.

## 2. Installation of Chamilo LMS

1. Download Chamilo LMS
2. Unzip it
3. Copy the Chamilo directory in your Apache web directory. This can be C:\xampp\htdocs\ on a Windows server or /var/www/html/ (or /var/www/chamilo/) on a Linux server
4. Open your web browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox...) and type http://localhost/chamilo/ if you install locally or http://www.domain.com/chamilo/ if you install remotely. We recommend defining a specific Virtual Host for this installation if you have the skills to do so
5. Follow the web installation process. You can accept all default values. Consider changing the admin password to remember it.

Note: if installing Chamilo locally using localhost or the IP address of your computer during the installation, you might get issues while accessing from another computer. To avoid this, you can apply a little change to your configuration file.
The following directories need to be readable, writeable and executable by your web server. This usually requires no specific action on Windows servers, but will require a "chmod" under Linux and Mac. See instructions below.
Replace [chamilo] with the directory where your Chamilo installation is located):

- [chamilo]/app/config/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/users/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/sessions/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/courses/
- [chamilo]/app/cache/
- [chamilo]/app/courses/
- [chamilo]/app/home/
- [chamilo]/app/logs/
- [chamilo]/main/default_course_document/images/

Optionally, you can do the same to the following directories if you want to enable CSS styles package upload and sub-language definition:

- [chamilo]/main/css/
- [chamilo]/main/lang/

Starting from Chamilo 1.8.8, you can also enable full-text indexing features which require the php5-xapian PHP's extension module to be installed. If you do use it, you will need to allow your system to write into the sarchdb directory:

- [chamilo]/searchdb

If you find a tests/ directory at the root of your package, please delete it. This is a development directory that has not been checked for security issues, an it should *never* be accessible to final users on a production server.

On Linux, Mac OS X and BSD operating systems you can use the chmod 0775 command for this (although we recommend you seek advice from an experienced system administrator to avoid security issues). On Windows, you may need to check the properties of the folders (by right-clicking on them).

The following directory needs to be readable and writeable for the web browser only during the installation process:

- chamilo/main/inc/conf/ (if present)

On Linux, Mac OS X and BSD operating systems you can use the chmod 666 command for this (although we recommend you seek advice from an experienced system administrator). In Windows, you may need to check the properties of the files and folders (by right-clicking on them).

NOTES:
Do not modify the home_*.html files directly. Instead, choose "Configure the homepage" in the Chamilo administration section.

Windows : with all-in-one packages like XAMPP, you can install Chamilo easily. In this case (and unless you use it in production), the login and password for MySQL will probably remain empty.

### Configuration and security after installation

- Protect your configuration folder: make sure no one (but you) can overwrite it. You can find the config directory in (chamilo folder)/main/inc/conf. Make it read-only (windows/xwindows: right-click the file to edit the properties. linux/bsd/macosx: use the chmod 0555 command). The config file is created by your web server (Apache + PHP, usually) so you may need to be root user to change its permissions.
- Protect your installation folder: if the (chamilo folder)/main/install folder is still accessible, someone could install over your existing version (you could lose your data that way). Move the folder somewhere out of the web directories so it is not accessible, change its name, delete it completely or edit its properties so no one can read or execute it.
- For better security: making the files world-writeable will help you install, and it solves many issues for people without much admin experience. However, it's more secure to make a distinct user owner of all the chamilo files and folders, and only give read access to the web server to all files, and write access only to the directories previously mentioned. This way, these files need only be readable and writeable by the Apache process owner, not by the entire world. It would also be adviseable to make all writeable directory refuse the interpretation of PHP files (except for the root of the courses directories). Don't hesitate to hire an experienced administrator to do that, it might be a bit more expensive now, but you'll be happy not to have to loose all of your data to a hacker who attacked your site.
- Configure your Chamilo portal: in the administration section of Chamilo, you can use the Chamilo Configuration Settings to adjust the behavior of your installation.
- Configure Chamilo mail: most of Chamilo uses the mail settings from the php.ini file. However, if you use a distinct e-mail server, you might need to adjust the e-mail setting in (chamilo folder)/main/inc/conf/mail.conf.php.
- Check our new security guide for more

### PHP configuration

To get the best out of Chamilo, you need to finetune your PHP settings. Consider :

- Editing php.ini file (on windows can be located at C:\xampp\php\php.ini, on Ubuntu Linux : /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini
- search the word "_max" and increase the two values to optimise the server
- we recommend the following values :

max_execution_time = 300 ;Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds
max_input_time = 600 ;Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data
memory_limit = 256M ;Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB)
post_max_size = 100M
upload_max_filesize = 100M

Some users could meet problems if their PHP settings don't match these ones:

- short_open_tag = Off
- safe_mode = Off
- magic_quotes_gpc = Off
- magic_quotes_runtime = Off

Past Chamilo versions required register_globals to be set to On. This is no longer necessary, this can (and should) be set to Off. It is considered a bad choice in terms of security to set register_globals to On.

Note: You need to set your date.timezone setting to whatever your server's timezone is. For example, if your server is in the 'America/New_York' timezone, set this in your php.ini:

date.timezone = 'America/New_York'

Note: PHP 5.3.9 introduces a new setting "max_input_vars", which limits the number of elements you can send in one single form. If you are dealing with numerous users or very long learning paths (many items), make sure you set this setting higher than its default value of 1000.

BSD users: these php libraries have to be included during php installation:

- php5-mysql (or php5-mysqlnd) The mysql shared extension for php
- php5-pcre The pcre shared extension for php
- php5-session The session shared extension for php
- php5-zlib The zlib shared extension for php
- php5-gd The graphics-generation extension for php
- php5-intl The international behaviours extension for php
- (optional) php5-ldap if you want to be able to use LDAP authentication

You might also add the following php modules and packages:

- php5-ctype
- php5-iconv
- php5-json
- php5-mbstring
- php5-curl
- php5-iconv
- php5-xsl
- php5-ldap
- php5-xapian

## 3. Upgrade from a previous version of Chamilo LMS (1.*) or Dok€os (<2.0)

Before upgrading, we heavily recommend you do a full backup of the previous Chamilo or Dok€os directories and databases. If you are unsure how to achieve this please ask your hosting provider for advice.
Chamilo LMS 1.10 comes with a new database structure in comparison to 1.9, and so between 1.9 and 1.8. Although the upgrade script takes the migration in charge, it might be generating a very heavy load on your server during the upgrade, and will change your database completely, preserving the data as well as possible (we have tested the procedure many times, but remember this is GNU/GPLv3 and we cannot be held responsible for what would happen to your data without professional supervision). This is why we *really* recommend you take a full backup of your system before you upgrade.
Also note that Chamilo LMS 1.10 removes some deprecated language files from the main/lang/ directory. If you have changed language files directly (instead of using the recommended way of sublanguages), you should take a backup copy of these changed translations before you upgrade. Sublanguages might also require som manual work, but the upgrade procedure will not touch sublanguages directly.
NOTE: For very heavy Chamilo databases, some of our official providers have developed improved migration procedures that use more memory but process the upgrades up to 20 times faster. If this is the kind of thing you need, we highly recommend you contact them (see reference below).
NOTE: This version of Chamilo can only be used to upgrade from earlier versions of Chamilo or Dok€os. For example, you cannot use the normal upgrade scripts from Chamilo 1.9 to upgrade from Dok€os 2.0 (which was born after the split with Chamilo). If you need this, please contact one of the Chamilo Association's official providers)

### 3.1 Upgrading from Chamilo 1.10.x (minor upgrade)

As this is only a minor version change from previous 1.10.* versions of Chamilo, the only thing you need to do is:

- check that you haven't left any customised stylesheet or image (if you have, make sure you keep a copy on the side*)
- download the Chamilo 1.10 install package from the Chamilo download page
- unzip the new files of Chamilo 1.10 over the files of the older version (or unzip the files in one folder and then copy the files from there to the older version's directory). Note that you should remove the "home" and "searchdb" directories from the package before you overwrite the previous files.
- edit the main/inc/conf/configuration.php file: at the en of the file, locate the previous version number (e.g. '1.10.4') and change it to this new version (e.g. '1.10.8')
- clean your archive/ directory: take a temporary copy of index.html, delete all the contents *in* this directory (do NOT remove the directory itself, only its contents!). It will all be re-generated. You can also delete the contents of this directory through the "Archive directory cleanup" option in the "System" box of the Administration page.
- you're done! No other upgrade procedure is required

### 3.2 Upgrading from Chamilo 1.8.x or 1.9.x

- check that you haven't left any customised stylesheet or image (if you have, make sure you keep a copy on the side*)
- download the Chamilo 1.10 install package from the Chamilo download page
- unzip the new files of Chamilo 1.10 over the files of the older version (or unzip the files in one folder and then copy the files from there to the older version's directory)
- point your browser on your portal URL + main/install/
- choose your language and click Upgrade from 1.8.x/1.9.x
- clean your archive/ directory: take a temporary copy of index.html, delete all the contents *in* this directory (do NOT remove the directory itself, only its contents!). It will all be re-generated. You can also delete the contents of this directory through the "Archive directory cleanup" option in the "System" box of the Administration page.
- make sure "AllowOverride All" is present in your Apache configuration, as interpreting the .htaccess files is very important for Chamilo to work

### 3.3 Upgrading from Dok€os 1.8.x

If you upgrade from Dok€os 1.8.x :

- check that you haven't left any customised stylesheet or image (if you have, make sure you keep a copy on the side*)
- download the Chamilo 1.10 install package from the Chamilo download page
- unzip the new files of Chamilo 1.10 over the files of the older version (or unzip the files in one folder and then copy the files from there to the older version's directory)
- point your browser on your portal URL + main/install/
- choose your language and click Upgrade from 1.8.x/1.9.x
- clean your archive/ directory: take a temporary copy of index.html, delete all the contents *in* this directory (do NOT remove the directory itself, only its contents!). It will all be re-generated. You can also delete the contents of this directory through the "Archive directory cleanup" option in the "System" box of the Administration page.

A bunch of Chamilo administrators have reported minor issues with the migration between versions considerably apart (like from Dok€os to Chamilo). This might include loosing some assignments or forum posts. To avoid any ugly effect on your users, we recommend you first establish a checklist of all the content that is critical to you, and that you keep a working copy of your previous site on the side. This way, it will be easier to manage the transition by letting your users get access to their contents from the previous site and making it easier for you to compare the two. If you are experiencing difficulties, consider asking for help from a PHP developer or hiring an official Chamilo provider. They will make sure you get the best our of your Chamilo migration.
* Styles and images are located in the main/css or main/img directories. You can still recover them from your backup if you have made it. Any modified style or image that uses the default style/image name will be overwritten by the next step. To avoid loosing your customisations, always ensure you copy the styles/images under a new name and use and modify the copy, not the original. The original will always be overwritten by newer versions. In Dok€os 1.8.5, we have changed the name of several CSS themes. Backwards compatibility is ensured by the fact that an upgrade only adds the new themes, but you should try and use these new themes rather than sticking to the old ones which will be deprecated shortly (not maintained).

### 3.4 Upgrading from Dok€os 1.6.x

If you upgrade from a lower version of Dok€os (1.6.x), the first and most important thing to do is to *move* your current directory to another place.
An easy way to do that is to create a subdirectory called "old_version" in your current Chamilo/Dok€os directory and move everything in there using a simple "move" command (i.e. under Linux: mkdir old_version; mv * old_verion/), then make the old_version/ directory writeable by the web server so that courses/ and upload/ directories can be moved from the old to the new installation.
The complete process is as follow:

- move the current Dok€os directory contents to a subdirectory called old_version and make it writeable by the web server. This is important to allow the move of the courses/ and upload/ directories to the new install
- download the Chamilo 1.10 install package from the Chamilo download page
- unzip the new files of Chamilo 1.10 in the main Chamilo/Dok€os directory. The new directory main should be located directly inside your Chamilo/Dok€os root folder
- point your browser on your portal URL
- choose your language and click Upgrade from 1.6.x and confirm the current directory of the old version
- clean your archive/ directory: take a temporary copy of index.html, delete all the contents *in* this directory (do NOT remove the directory itself, only its contents!). It will all be re-generated. You can also delete the contents of this directory through the "Archive directory cleanup" option in the "System" box of the Administration page.

NOTE: The upgrade from 1.6.x to 1.8.x implies a revision of the customised graphics and styles. The new version uses a complete new set of icons and styles, which means the ones from version 1.6 cannot be simply reused. The good news is the version 1.8.x allows you to create your own style in a separate css folder, that you can then reuse through all the 1.8.x versions

WARNING:
Do not delete the previous Chamilo/Dok€os installation directory before installing the new one. When the update is successfully finished, you can remove the old path.

NOTE:
Do not modify the home_*.html files directly. Instead, choose "Configure the homepage" in the Chamilo administration section.

### 3.5 In both last cases

The following directories need to be readable, writeable and executable for the web server:

- [chamilo]/app/config/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/users/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/sessions/
- [chamilo]/app/upload/courses/
- [chamilo]/app/cache/
- [chamilo]/app/courses/
- [chamilo]/app/home/
- [chamilo]/app/logs/
- [chamilo]/main/default_course_document/images/

On Linux, Mac OS X and BSD operating systems you can quick-fix this using the chmod 0777 command, but if you are unsure, we recommend you seek advice for your own OS on our forum. In Windows, you may need to check the properties of the folders.

### 3.6 Quick-upgrade from 1.9.x guide for Linux

The following quick-upgrade guide assumes that:

- the Chamilo database username (for MySQL) is "chamilo_db_user" and your login is "chamilo_user"
- the chamilo installation is currently in /var/www/chamilo/ and it has 0777 permissions (which is bad, we know, but you'll fix it)
- your portal's URL is http://www.portalurl.com/

On the command-line, type:

- cd /tmp
- mysqldump -u chamilo_db_user -p --all-databases --result-file=/home/chamilo_user/chamilo_old.sql
- cp -ra /var/www/chamilo /home/chamilo_user/backup_chamilo
- mkdir /var/www/chamilo/old_version
- mv /var/www/chamilo/* /var/www/chamilo/old_version/
- chmod -R 0777 /var/www/chamilo/old_version/
- wget https://github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/archive/v1.9.10.tar.gz
- tar zxvf chamilo-lms-1.9.10.tar.gz
- sudo cp -ra chamilo-lms-1.9.10/* /var/www/chamilo/
- rm chamilo-lms-1.9.10.tar.gz
- sudo rm -r chamilo-lms-1.9.10/

Then:

- Direct your browser to http://www.portalurl.com/main/install/
- Proceed with the installation
- Review the directories permissions

## 4. Troubleshooting

If you have problems, go to the Chamilo website and ask a question on the support forum. Please read the previous messages first to see if there is already an answer to your question.

##

## 5. Administration section

To access the Chamilo administration section, open browser, go to your Chamilo adress and log in with the admin user. Then you will see a "Platform admin section" link in the header of the web page. There you can manage users, courses, sessions, portal look and feel, homepage content, course categories etc.

## 6. LDAP

This part is optional, only organisations with an LDAP server will need to read this.
An LDAP module is already provided in Chamilo, but it has to be configured to make it work.

### Compiling

Linux servers: It's possible that you have to recompile php with ldap support. Newer distributions also allow downloading rpms for additional packages.

### Activating LDAP in Chamilo

Note: The LDAP mechanism has been changed in 1.9. As a result, some of the following information might not be correct. Please check the configuration settings inside Chamilo to learn the details.

In [Chamilo folder]/main/inc/conf/configuration.conf.php, around line 93, you'll find settings like the following:
// -> Uncomment the two lines below to activate LDAP AND edit main/inc/conf/auth.conf.php for configuration
// $extAuthSource["extldap"]["login"] = $_configuration['root_sys'].$_configuration['code_append']."auth/external_login/login.ldap.php";
// $extAuthSource["extldap"]["newUser"] = $_configuration['root_sys'].$_configuration['code_append']."auth/external_login/newUser.ldap.php";
remove the // from the last two lines to activate LDAP.

### Settings

Ask the LDAP server admin for the settings:

- ldap server name
- ldap server port (usually 389)
- ldap dc

Since 1.8.5, you have to change the LDAP settings inside the "Portal administration" panel, under "Chamilo configuration settings", section "LDAP".
As an example, you should find the following kind of values:
LDAP main server's address: "myldapserver.com"; // your ldap server
LDAP main server's port: 389; // your ldap server's port number
LDAP domain: "dc=xx, dc=yy, dc=zz"; //domain

### Teacher/student status

By default, Chamilo will check if the "employeenumber" field has a value. If it has, then Chamilo will consider this user as being a teacher.
If you want to change this behaviour, you can edit main/auth/ldap/authldap.php, function ldap_put_user_info_locally(), and change the if (empty($info_array[$tutor_field])) condition to whatever suits you.
You can also remove this check by removing the condition and leaving only the $status = STUDENT; line.

### Protected LDAP servers

Some LDAP servers do not support anonymous use of the directory services.
In this case, you should fill in the appropriate fields in the administration panel (e.g. "manager" and "mypassword") and Chamilo will try to authenticate using these, or fall back to anonymous mode before giving up.

### LDAP import into sessions

There is a new set of scripts now that allow you to insert users from LDAP directly into a Chamilo session. This, however, relies on a set of static choices in the LDAP contact attributes.
The fields used intensively by the Chamlio module are:

- uid, which is matched to the username in Chamilo
- userPassword, which is matched to the user password, although this part will only work for non-encrypted passwords for now, but it shouldn't be necessary if using the LDAP server as authentication
- ou should end with the year of the person registration or any criteria you will use to filter users, so that they can be retrieved on that criteria
- sn is used as the lastname field in Chamilo
- givenName is used as the firstname field in Chamilo
- mail is used as the email field in Chamilo

## 7. Mathematical formulas with LaTeX

This part is optional, only organisations planning to use mathematical formulas inside the online editor might want to read this.
You can enable mathematical equations writing inside the Chamilo online editor (FCKEditor) by applying the following steps:

- 1. Configure your Apache installation to add a cgi-bin directory that contains a symbolic link to the mimetex.cgi in chamilo/main/inc/lib/mimetex/ (*see below, step 4)
- 2. Reload your Apache configuration
- 3. Edit the online editor's configuration file chamilo/main/inc/lib/fckeditor/myconfig.php and

- 3.1. Enable the mimetex plugin, find the line //$config['LoadPlugin'][] = 'mimetex'; and modify it to be: $config['LoadPlugin'][] = 'mimetex'; (remove the double slash)
- 3.2. The additional settings $config['MimetexExecutableInstalled'] , $config['MimetexExecutableDetectionMethod'] and $config['MimetexExecutableDetectionTimeout'] are configured for best probability of automatic detection of the installed on the server file mimetex.cgi or mimetex.exe. In rare cases these options might need to be twicked, see the acccompanying comments about these options within the file myconfig.php
- 3.3. Once the plugin has been activated, almost in all toolbars the corresponding button appears. If you need to edit some toolbars, see the configuration files (php) within the directory chamilo/main/inc/lib/fckeditor/toolbars/ . Here is an example:
  $config['ToolbarSets']['Normal'] = array(
  array('FitWindow','Bold','Image','Link','PasteWord','MP3','mimetex','Table','Subscript','Superscript','ShowBlocks')
  );
  The item 'mimetex' represents the button, you may add it to or remove it from any toolbar.

- 4. To install mimetex executable file, make these changes:

  Add the corresponding cgi-bin directory to your Apache configuration could be done, in Apache 2, like this:

  ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/cgi-bin/
  <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
  AllowOverride None
  Options ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
  Order allow,deny
  Allow from all
  </Directory>

  Adding a symbolic link can be done, under Windows, by creating a shortcut to the mimetex.exe file from the cgi-bin directory, or under Linux by issuing the following command:

  ln -s /var/www/chamilo/main/inc/lib/mimetex/mimetex.cgi /var/www/cgi-bin/mimetex.cgi

  If you are reluctant to modify your Apache configuration, alternately you may do at step 4 the following: copy mimetex.exe (for windows) or mimetex.cgi (for linux) from chamilo/main/inc/lib/mimetex/ directory to your cgi-bin/

- 5. Make sure that the file mimetex.cgi (or mimetex.exe) has right to be executed by the web-server process. For example, on a Ubuntu Linux system you may write a command like the following:
  sudo chmod a+x mimetex.cgi
- 6. Make sure that the file mimetex.cgi (or mimetex.exe) has been uploaded in BINARY format. This is another common problem; the fix is just to re-upload the file in ASCII format. You'll need to consult your FTP program's documentation to figure out how to switch modes. BINARY mode is used for non-text items, such as executables (*.exe), zip files (*.zip), image files (*.jpg, *.gif) and the like. ASCII mode needs to be used for text only documents, which includes *.txt, *.cgi, *.pl *.css, *.html, etc.
  You can also try to re upload the mimetex file using the "Upload file" in the "Filemanager" tool in CPanel/Plesk

As a result of this procedure, a new button becomes available in your Chamilo online editor, that gives you possibility to insert mathematical formulas into your documents.

## 8. Mathematical formulas with ASCIIMathML

Mathematical formulas may be rendered on web-pages using the script ASCIIMathML.js (a customized version for Chamilo). For more information about this script and about the ASCIIMath formula syntax see http://www1.chapman.edu/~jipsen/mathml/asciimath.html and http://dlippman.imathas.com/asciimathtex/AMT.html.

For writing ASCIIMath formulas in documents, a correspondent plugin for the online editor should be activated. For doing this, see the platform administration section and open the page "Administration > Configuration settings > Editor". Enable the setting "ASCIIMathML mathematical editor".

Inside documents, the script ASCIIMathML.js renders mathematical formulas in two altrnative ways:

- By translation ASCIIMath formula notation into MathML code. MathML standard currently is supported by the following browsers:
  - Mozilla Firefox, you may consider installing STIX fonts (http://www.stixfonts.org) on your client machines for nice looking formulas
  - Internet Explorer 6 or higher with the add-on MathPlayer 2.0 or higher (http://www.dessci.com/en/products/mathplayer)
  - Opera 9.5 or higher
- For browser that do not support MathML - by translation ASCIIMath formula notation into TeX notation and passing it to an external service. The external service produces and returns an image that contains the formula. This way is so called "image-based fallback".

For providing image-based fallback in a production system, you should pick up and install on your server software for TeX rendering, such as:

- mimeTeX - http://www.forkosh.dreamhost.com/source_mimetex.html. See "7. Mathematical formulas with LaTeX" on how to install the mimetex executable file on your server
- mathTeX - http://www.forkosh.com/mathtex.html. Browse the site for installation instructions

As an alternative, you may try to use some public services for TeX rendering, such as:

- MathTran - http://www.mathtran.org
- Google Chart Tools - http://code.google.com/apis/charttools

Open with a text editor the file .../chamilo/main/inc/lib/asciimath/ASCIIMathML.js. Find somewhere at the beginning the line that initializes the variable AMTcgiloc. You may need to alter the setting to be for example:

- var AMTcgiloc = "http://mychamiloserver.org/cgi-bin/mimetex.cgi";
- var AMTcgiloc = "http://mychamiloserver.org/cgi-bin/mathtex.cgi";
- var AMTcgiloc = "http://www.mathtran.org/cgi-bin/mathtran?tex=";
- var AMTcgiloc = "http://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=tx&chs=1x0&chl=";
- ... or something else

For testing how the variable AMTcgiloc may be set, there are some examples (as comments) inside the script.

## 9. Mathematical formulas with WIRIS

Installing this plugin you get WIRIS editor and WIRIS CAS.
This activation will not be completed unless you have previously downloaded the PHP plugin for FCKeditor WIRIS and unzipped its contents into the main/inc/lib/fckeditor/editor/plugins/fckeditor_wiris/ directory.
This is necessary because Wiris is proprietary software and its services are commercial. To make adjustments to the plugin, edit configuration.ini file or replace his content by configuration.ini.default Chamilo file.

## Full-text indexation with Xapian

Note: This step will require a dedicated server or a virtual dedicated server as the packages involved are not available on most shared hosting solutions.
On Debian or Ubuntu 10.04 and superior, you will simply need to install the php5-xapian package and restart your web server:

    sudo apt-get install php5-xapian
    sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Then go to your administration page -> Configuration settings -> Search and enable the search tool. Follow the recommendations on the page to get the complete indexing suite installed. Once you're done, all documents you import into your Chamilo portal in a recognized format will be indexed and searchable. Chamilo intermediate Administrators training (which you can ask any Chamilo's Official Provider for) include a full review of the full-text search feature.

Note: Xapian's licensing for the PHP extension is a bit different than what is necessary to enter the Debian repositories, so it has been excluded. You can, however, generate your own package by following the packaging instructions on Xapian's wiki.

## Chamilo Rapid - PPT conversion system

Note: This step will require a dedicated server or a virtual dedicated server as the packages involved are not available on most shared hosting solutions.
On Debian or Ubuntu 11.10 and superior, install LibreOffice v3 (or v4) and start it as a headless server:

    sudo apt-get install libreoffice screen
    sudo screen
    su - www-data
    soffice --accept="socket,host=127.0.0.1,port=2002,tcpNoDelay=1;urp;" --headless --nodefault --nofirststartwizard --nolockcheck --nologo --norestore
    CTRL+a, CTRL+d

Please note that this will effectively launch LibreOffice in a "headless" mode (thanks to the --headless option), in a "headless" terminal (thanks to screen). You can later get back into your "headless" terminal by launching:

    sudo screen -r

You can then go to your administration page -> Chamilo Rapid and set the host to "localhost" and the port to "2002". Save. Go to your course, learning path tool and see the new icon appeared. Import your PPT. This should work. Note: Sometimes, this doesn't work out so easily. You can probably ask for the assistance of any system administrator around with a bit of Java and PHP experience, or you can always ask one of the Chamilo's Official Providers for assistance (ask for a guaranteed commercial contract). The above is *not* meant for production servers with a high load. You should get a real system administrator to look at it and develop init scripts, in a way that makes monitoring and relaunching feasable. If any sysadmin wants to contribute this, feel free to contribute it to Chamilo: send us an e-mail at info@chamilo.org. Note: If you use LibreOffice 4, please note that version 4.2 (available in Ubuntu 14.04) has demonstrated to be more successfull at converting documents than version 4.1, which tended to crash when sending a document for conversion.

## Setting chronological tasks

Since Chamilo 1.8.8, a few tasks need to be executed regularly in order to get the best out of your server resources. One of such tasks (and the only one around at the time of Chamilo 1.8.8) is the sending of internal messaging notifications by e-mail, i.e. when you receive an e-mail from another person or from a group inside the internal messaging system of Chamilo, if all e-mails are sent immediately, then you might not have the chance to receive them at your pace, once a day or even once a week. For cases like this you, as a Chamilo administrator, should setup a cron process on the server to check the queue of e-mails and send is timely.

Setting up a cron task is easy and there are several ways to do it. We recommend you have a look at the Drupal documentation for setting up cron and define your own cron process as:

    35 * * * * wget -O - -q -t 1 http://campus.example.com/main/cron/run.php

Make sure you have a look into run.php as maybe you want to change a few settings there.

## Changing the language's firstname/lastname order

As Chamilo becomes more popular and crosses many borders now, it frequently happens that administrators want to re-order the firstname and lastname fields in tables, and also on which field it is sorted first.
This can easily be modified by editing the main/inc/lib/internationalization_database/name_order_conventions.php file, finding your language and changing the fields. It is pretty self-explanatory and looks like this:

    'simpl_chinese' => array( 'format' => 'title last_name first_name', 'sort_by' => 'last_name' ), // Eastern order

Feel free to change this to

    'simpl_chinese' => array( 'format' => 'title first_name lastname', 'sort_by' => 'last_name' ), // Eastern order

for example. The effect should be immediate.

## Improving files download efficiency

File download can be very slow when passing through a PHP script to control permissions. One solution to this is to use the X-Sendfile header, which depends on a module on the webserver. Check http://stackoverflow.com/a/3731639/1406662 for more details on implementing Sendfile. Chamilo LMS 1.9.8 (and following versions) supports the X-Sendfile headers, but requires a specific line of configuration to be added to configuration.php:

    $_configuration['enable_x_sendfile_headers'] = true;

If you have issues with files taking a long time to download, make sure you reconfigure your webserver and add this line. You should see an notable difference in download time.

## Videoconference

Chamilo supports the connection to two different videoconference servers: BigBlueButton and OpenMeetings.
While BigBlueButton seem easier to install, more clearly documented and more esthetically finished, some users have manifested that OpenMeetings consumes less bandwidth, is less restrictive in terms of running environments and offers more tools and connectors.
The decision is up to you, but in any case you will have to install a videoconference server separately from the normal Chamilo LMS installation process.
You will find the installation guide for BigBlueButton here. Once installed, issue a "bbb-conf --secret" on the command line to get the parameters to indicate in the "Videoconference" plugin in Chamilo (platform settings page).
This should make an additional "Videoconference" tool icon appear in every course.

Contact address
Mail: info@chamilo.org