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  1. <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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  4. <head>
  5. <title>ExifTool by Phil Harvey</title>
  6. <meta name="description" content="A command-line application and Perl library for
  7. reading and writing EXIF, GPS, IPTC, XMP, makernotes and other meta information
  8. in image, audio and video files. For Windows, Mac OS X, and Unix systems.">
  9. <meta name="KeyWords" content="meta, information, metadata, ExifTool, EXIF, XMP,
  10. IPTC, GPS, read, write, edit, editor, update, extract, images, thumbnail,
  11. preview, geotag, geocode, Perl, library, module, RAW, NEF, CR2, MRW, JPEG, TIFF,
  12. ID3, Windows, OSX, Unix">
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  39. <body>
  40. <h1><a name="top">ExifTool by Phil Harvey</a></h1>
  41. <h2 class='tight red'><b>Read</b>, <b>Write</b> and <b>Edit</b> Meta Information!</h2>
  42. <p><b>Also available</b> --> <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/fix_corrupted_nef.html">Utility to fix Nikon NEF images corrupted by Nikon software</a></p>
  43. <div class=wide><table class=links><tr>
  44. <th><a href="install.html" class=wt>&nbsp;Installing&nbsp;</a></th>
  45. <th><a href="TagNames/index.html" class=wt>&nbsp;Tag&nbsp;Names&nbsp;</a></th>
  46. <th><a href="#links" class=wt>&nbsp;Resources&nbsp;</a></th>
  47. <th><a href="history.html" class=wt>&nbsp;History&nbsp;</a></th>
  48. <th><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/" class=wt>&nbsp;Forum&nbsp;</a></th>
  49. <th class=rt><a href="faq.html" class=wt>&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;</a></th>
  50. </tr></table></div>
  51. <div class=index>
  52. <a href="#features">Features</a>
  53. <br><a href="#comments">User Comments</a>
  54. <br><a href="#supported">Supported File Types</a>
  55. <br><a href="#system">System Requirements</a>
  56. <br><a href="#running">Running ExifTool</a>
  57. <br><a href="#output">Example Output</a>
  58. <br><a href="#tagnames">Tag Names Explained</a>
  59. <br><a href="#groups">Tag Groups</a>
  60. <br><a href="#writing">Writing Information</a>
  61. <br><a href="#limitations">Writer Limitations</a>
  62. <br><a href="#problems">Known Problems</a>
  63. <br><a href="#security">Security Issues</a>
  64. <br><a href="#shift">Date/Time Shift</a>
  65. <br><a href="#filename">Renaming Files</a>
  66. <br><a href="#performance">Performance</a>
  67. <br><a href="#library">ExifTool Library</a>
  68. <br><a href="#links">Additional Resources</a>
  69. <br><a href="#boldly">New Discoveries</a>
  70. <br><a href="#ack">Acknowledgements</a>
  71. <br><a href="#license">License</a>
  72. <br><a href="#donate">Donate</a>
  73. <br><a href="#contact">Contact Me</a>
  74. </div>
  75. <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
  76. <a href="Image-ExifTool-10.10.tar.gz">
  77. Download Version 10.10</a> (3.9 MB) -
  78. <a href="history.html">Jan. 22, 2016</a></b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
  79. <p><b>ExifTool is a platform-independent <a href="ExifTool.html">Perl
  80. library</a> plus a <a href="exiftool_pod.html">command-line application</a> for
  81. reading, writing and editing meta information in a
  82. <a href="#supported">wide variety of files</a>.</b>
  83. ExifTool supports many different metadata formats including
  84. <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
  85. <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
  86. <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
  87. <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
  88. <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>,
  89. <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a>,
  90. <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
  91. <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
  92. <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a>,
  93. <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a> and
  94. <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a>,
  95. as well as the maker notes of many digital cameras by
  96. <a href="TagNames/Canon.html">Canon</a>,
  97. <a href="TagNames/Casio.html">Casio</a>,
  98. <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html">FLIR</a>,
  99. <a href="TagNames/FujiFilm.html">FujiFilm</a>,
  100. <a href="TagNames/GE.html">GE</a>,
  101. <a href="TagNames/HP.html">HP</a>,
  102. <a href="TagNames/JVC.html">JVC/Victor</a>,
  103. <a href="TagNames/Kodak.html">Kodak</a>,
  104. <a href="TagNames/Leaf.html">Leaf</a>,
  105. <a href="TagNames/Minolta.html">Minolta/Konica-Minolta</a>,
  106. <a href="TagNames/Motorola.html">Motorola</a>,
  107. <a href="TagNames/Nikon.html">Nikon</a>,
  108. <a href="TagNames/Nintendo.html">Nintendo</a>,
  109. <a href="TagNames/Olympus.html">Olympus/Epson</a>,
  110. <a href="TagNames/Panasonic.html">Panasonic/Leica</a>,
  111. <a href="TagNames/Pentax.html">Pentax/Asahi</a>,
  112. <a href="TagNames/PhaseOne.html">Phase One</a>,
  113. <a href="TagNames/Reconyx.html">Reconyx</a>,
  114. <a href="TagNames/Ricoh.html">Ricoh</a>,
  115. <a href="TagNames/Samsung.html">Samsung</a>,
  116. <a href="TagNames/Sanyo.html">Sanyo</a>,
  117. <a href="TagNames/Sigma.html">Sigma/Foveon</a> and
  118. <a href="TagNames/Sony.html">Sony</a>.</p>
  119. <p>ExifTool is also available as a <b>stand-alone Windows executable</b> and a
  120. <b>Macintosh OS X package</b>: <i>(Note that these versions contain the executable
  121. only, and do not include the HTML documentation or other files of the full
  122. distribution above.)</i></p>
  123. <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
  124. <a name="alone">Windows Executable:</a>
  125. <a href="exiftool-10.10.zip">
  126. exiftool-10.10.zip</a> (5.0 MB)</b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
  127. <p><b>The stand-alone Windows executable</b> does not require Perl. Just
  128. download and un-zip the archive then double-click on
  129. "<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>" to read the application documentation,
  130. drag-and-drop files and folders to view meta information, or rename to
  131. "<code>exiftool.exe</code>" for command-line use. Runs on all versions
  132. of Windows (including Windows 7).</p>
  133. <blockquote><table class='dl lg'><tr><td><b>
  134. Mac OS X Package:
  135. <a href="ExifTool-10.10.dmg">
  136. ExifTool-10.10.dmg</a> (2.5 MB)</b></td></tr></table></blockquote>
  137. <p><b>The OS X package</b> installs the ExifTool command-line application and
  138. libraries in /usr/bin. After installing, type "<code>exiftool</code>" in a
  139. Terminal window to run exiftool and read the application documentation.</p>
  140. <p>Read the <b><a href="install.html">installation instructions</a></b> for help
  141. installing ExifTool on Windows, Mac OS X and Unix systems.</p>
  142. <p><i>(<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/checksums.txt">click here
  143. for the SHA1 and MD5 checksums to verify these distribution packages</a>.)</i></p>
  144. <h2><a name="features">Features</a></h2>
  145. <ul>
  146. <li>Powerful, fast, flexible and customizable</li>
  147. <li><a href="#supported">Supports a large number of different file formats</a></li>
  148. <li>Reads <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
  149. <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
  150. <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
  151. <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
  152. <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>, MakerNotes,
  153. <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a>,
  154. <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
  155. <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
  156. <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a>,
  157. <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a>,
  158. <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> and more...</li>
  159. <li>Writes <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a>,
  160. <a href="TagNames/GPS.html">GPS</a>,
  161. <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>,
  162. <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
  163. <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a>, MakerNotes,
  164. <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a>,
  165. <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>,
  166. <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a>,
  167. <a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP</a> and more...</li>
  168. <li>Reads and writes maker notes of many digital cameras</li>
  169. <li>Decodes a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma</li>
  170. <li>Numerous output formatting options (including tab-delimited, HTML, XML and JSON)</li>
  171. <li>Multi-lingual output (cs, de, en, en-ca, en-gb, es, fi, fr, it, ja, ko, nl, pl, ru, sv, tr, zh-cn or zh-tw)</li>
  172. <li><a href="geotag.html">Geotags images</a> from GPS track log files (with time drift correction!)</li>
  173. <li><a href="geotag.html#Reverse">Generates track logs</a> from geotagged images</li>
  174. <li><a href="#shift">Shifts date/time values</a> to fix timestamps in images</li>
  175. <li><a href="#filename">Renames files and organizes in directories</a> (by date
  176. or by any other meta information)</li>
  177. <li>Extracts thumbnail images, preview images, and large JPEG images from RAW files</li>
  178. <li>Copies meta information between files (even different-format files)</li>
  179. <li>Reads/writes <a href="struct.html">structured XMP information</a></li>
  180. <li>Deletes meta information individually, in groups, or altogether</li>
  181. <li>Sets the file modification date (and creation date in Windows) from EXIF information</li>
  182. <li>Supports alternate language tags in <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a>,
  183. <a href="TagNames/PNG.html#TextualData">PNG</a>, <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a>,
  184. <a href="TagNames/Font.html#Name">Font</a>, <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>,
  185. <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC Profile</a>, <a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE</a> and
  186. <a href="TagNames/MXF.html">MXF</a> information</li>
  187. <li>Processes entire directory trees</li>
  188. <li>Creates text output file for each image file</li>
  189. <li>Creates binary-format metadata-only (MIE) files for metadata backup</li>
  190. <li>Automatically backs up original image when writing</li>
  191. <li>Organizes output into groups</li>
  192. <li>Conditionally processes files based on value of any meta information</li>
  193. <li>Ability to <a href="config.html">add custom user-defined tags</a></li>
  194. <li><a href="TagNames/MWG.html">Support for MWG</a> (Metadata Working Group) recommendations</li>
  195. <li>Recognizes <a href="TagNames/index.html">thousands of different tags</a></li>
  196. <li>Tested with images from <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/models.html">thousands of different camera models</a></li>
  197. <li>Advanced <a href="verbose.html">verbose</a> and <a href="htmldump.html">HTML-based
  198. hex dump</a> outputs</li>
  199. </ul>
  200. <h2><a name="awk">A Note to Unix Power-Users</a></h2> <blockquote>If you find
  201. the need to use "find" or "awk" in conjunction with ExifTool, then you probably
  202. haven't discovered the full power of ExifTool. Read about the <code>-ext</code>,
  203. <code>-if</code>, <code>-p</code> and <code>-tagsFromFile</code> options in the
  204. <a href="exiftool_pod.html">application documentation</a>. (This is
  205. <a href="mistakes.html#M3">common mistake number 3</a>.)</blockquote>
  206. <h2><a name="comments">What People are Saying about ExifTool</a></h2>
  207. <blockquote>
  208. <i>"In my experience, nothing but nothing is as complete, powerful, and flexible as
  209. Phil Harvey's exiftool ... I've never seen anything that's in the same ballpark for power."</i>
  210. - <a href="http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1034&amp;message=16582684">dpreview forum</a></blockquote>
  211. <blockquote><i>"While there are a lot of image tools available, nothing comes close for accessing/updating
  212. the metadata like ExifTool"</i> - <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080307105031/http://blog.merg.be/?p=242">merg's blog</a></blockquote>
  213. <blockquote><i>"Fast, reliable and amazingly comprehensive ..."</i>
  214. - <a href="http://cpanratings.perl.org/dist/Image-ExifTool">CPAN ratings</a></blockquote>
  215. <blockquote><i>"... the one piece of free software that gets the most
  216. detailed exif data of /any/ tool I've found."</i>
  217. - <a href="http://mail.gnome.org/archives/eog-list/2005-August/msg00002.html">gnome mail archives</a>
  218. </blockquote>
  219. <blockquote><i>"... no program or API gets close to ExifTool in terms of robustness,
  220. feature count and support."</i> - <a href="http://www.christian-etter.de/?p=33">CE's Blog</a>
  221. </blockquote>
  222. <blockquote><i>"ExifTool makes every other EXIF reader (and writer) than I've
  223. seen, including the camera manufacturers' readers, look lame."</i>
  224. - <a href="http://photo.net/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=00IfoF">photo.net Nikon forum</a>
  225. </blockquote>
  226. <blockquote><i>"Insanely great tool with a long learning curve ..."</i> -
  227. <a href="http://forums.adobe.com/message/1800175#1800175">Adobe Forums</a>
  228. </blockquote>
  229. <blockquote><i>"... it's super awesome, it's super reliable and after many years of
  230. development it's still being updated!"</i> -
  231. <a href="http://pw999.wordpress.com/2012/05/12/j-exiftool-read-and-write-exif-tags-in-java/">P_W999 blog</a>
  232. </blockquote>
  233. <blockquote><i>"... it is the mother of all EXIF utilities; the BFG of meta-data
  234. extraction; the Pan Galactic Gargle Blaster of EXIF tools ... This thing will
  235. suck the last bit of metadata out of whatever image file you throw at it!"</i> -
  236. <a href="http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showpost.php?p=4774&amp;postcount=40">Open Photography Forums</a>
  237. </blockquote>
  238. <blockquote><i>"... it is total fucking gibberish to me."</i> -
  239. <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions/comments/2yiked/i_want_to_batch_extract_the_exif_datetime_from_10/">Reddit Linux Questions</a>
  240. </blockquote>
  241. <h2><a name="supported">Supported File Types</a></h2>
  242. <p>ExifTool can <b>R</b>ead, <b>W</b>rite and/or <b>C</b>reate files in the following formats.
  243. Also listed are the support levels for EXIF, IPTC, XMP, ICC_Profile and other metadata types
  244. for each file format.</p>
  245. <blockquote class=s><table class='norm tight sm bm'>
  246. <tr><th>File Type</th><th>Support</th><th>Description</th><th><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a></th><th><a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a></th><th><a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a></th><th><a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC</a><span class=sup>1</span></th><th>Other</th></tr>
  247. <tr><td>3FR</td><td>R</td><td>Hasselblad RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>-</td></tr>
  248. <tr><td>3G2, 3GP2</td><td>R/W</td><td>3rd Gen. Partnership Project 2 a/v (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  249. <tr><td>3GP, 3GPP</td><td>R/W</td><td>3rd Gen. Partnership Project a/v (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  250. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Audible.html">AA</a></td><td>R</td><td>Audible Audiobook</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Audible.html">Audible</a></td></tr>
  251. <tr><td>AAX</td><td>R/W</td><td>Audible Enhanced Audiobook (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  252. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">ACR</a></td><td>R</td><td>American College of Radiology ACR-NEMA (DICOM-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">DICOM</a></td></tr>
  253. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">AFM, ACFM, AMFM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Adobe [Composite/Multiple Master] Font Metrics</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  254. <tr><td>AI, AIT</td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe Illustrator [Template] (<a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">PS</a> or <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a>)</td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>5</span></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>5</span></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>6</span></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>5</span></td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a> <a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">PostScript</a>, R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  255. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/AIFF.html">AIFF, AIF, AIFC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Audio Interchange File Format [Compressed]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/AIFF.html">AIFF</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a></td></tr>
  256. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/APE.html">APE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Monkey's Audio</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/APE.html">APE</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a></td></tr>
  257. <tr><td>ARW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sony Alpha RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Sony.html">Sony</a> <a href="TagNames/SonyIDC.html">SonyIDC</a></td></tr>
  258. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Advanced Systems Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a></td></tr>
  259. <tr><td>AVI</td><td>R</td><td>Audio Video Interleaved (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  260. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/BMP.html">BMP, DIB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Windows BitMaP / Device Independent Bitmap</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/BMP.html">BMP</a></td></tr>
  261. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">BTF</a></td><td>R</td><td>BigTIFF (64-bit Tagged Image File Format)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>-</td></tr>
  262. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#CHM">CHM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Compiled HTML format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/EXE.html#CHM">EXE</a></td></tr>
  263. <tr><td>COS</td><td>R</td><td>Capture One Settings (XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R XML</td></tr>
  264. <tr><td>CR2</td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD</a><span class=sup>2</span>, R/W <a href="TagNames/Canon.html">Canon</a></td></tr>
  265. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonRaw.html">CRW, CIFF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon RAW Camera Image File Format (<a href="canon_raw.html">CRW spec.</a>)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD</a><span class=sup>2</span>, R/W <a href="TagNames/CanonRaw.html">CanonRaw</a></td></tr>
  266. <tr><td>CS1</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sinar CaptureShop 1-shot RAW (<a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">PSD</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  267. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">DCM, DC3, DIC, DICM</a></td><td>R</td><td>DICOM - Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/DICOM.html">DICOM</a></td></tr>
  268. <tr><td>DCP</td><td>R/W</td><td>DNG Camera Profile (<a href="TagNames/DNG.html">DNG</a>-like)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  269. <tr><td>DCR</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Digital Camera RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>-</td></tr>
  270. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">DFONT</a></td><td>R</td><td>Macintosh Data Fork Font</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  271. <tr><td>DIVX</td><td>R</td><td>DivX media format (<a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a></td></tr>
  272. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DjVu.html">DJVU, DJV</a></td><td>R</td><td>DjVu image (AIFF-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/DjVu.html">DJVU</a></td></tr>
  273. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DNG.html">DNG</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Digital Negative (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  274. <tr><td>DOC, DOT</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Word Document/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  275. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">DOCX, DOCM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Document [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  276. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">DOTX, DOTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Document Template [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  277. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DPX.html">DPX</a></td><td>R</td><td>Digital Picture Exchange</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/DPX.html">DPX</a></td></tr>
  278. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html#DR4">DR4</a></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>2</span></td><td>Canon DPP version 4 Recipe</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD</a><span class=sup>2</span></td></tr>
  279. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Olympus.html#DSS">DSS, DS2</a></td><td>R</td><td>Digital Speech Standard [2]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Olympus.html#DSS">Olympus</a></td></tr>
  280. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#MachO">DYLIB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Mac OS X Mach-O executable and library files</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/EXE.html#MachO">EXE</a></td></tr>
  281. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/DV.html">DV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Digital Video</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/DV.html">DV</a></td></tr>
  282. <tr><td>DVB</td><td>R/W</td><td>Digital Video Broadcasting (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  283. <tr><td>EIP</td><td>R</td><td>Capture One Enhanced Image Package (<a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R XML <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  284. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">EPS, EPSF, PS</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>[Encapsulated] PostScript Format</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">PostScript</a>, R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  285. <tr><td>EPUB</td><td>R</td><td>Electronic Publication (ZIP/XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R XML <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  286. <tr><td>ERF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Epson RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Olympus.html">Olympus</a></td></tr>
  287. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html">EXE, DLL</a></td><td>R</td><td>DOS/Windows executable and library files</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/EXE.html">EXE</a></td></tr>
  288. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Exchangable Image File Format metadata (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr>
  289. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OpenEXR.html">EXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>Open EXR (Extended Range)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OpenEXR.html">OpenEXR</a></td></tr>
  290. <tr><td>EXV</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Exiv2 metadata file (<a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td><a href="#JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></td></tr>
  291. <tr><td>F4A, F4B, F4P, F4V</td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe Flash Player 9+ Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  292. <tr><td>FFF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Hasselblad Flexible File Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  293. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FFF">FFF</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR Systems thermal image File Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FFF">FLIR</a></td></tr>
  294. <tr><td>FLA</td><td>R</td><td>Macromedia/Adobe Flash project (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  295. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLAC.html">FLAC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Free Lossless Audio Codec</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FLAC.html">FLAC</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a></td></tr>
  296. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Flash.html#FLV">FLV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Flash Video</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Flash.html#FLV">Flash</a></td></tr>
  297. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FPF">FPF</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR Public image Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FPF">FLIR</a></td></tr>
  298. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix image</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  299. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/GIF.html">GIF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Compuserve Graphics Interchange Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/GIF.html">GIF</a></td></tr>
  300. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#GZIP">GZ, GZIP</a></td><td>R</td><td>GNU ZIP compressed archive</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#GZIP">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  301. <tr><td>HDP, WDP, JXR</td><td>R/W</td><td>Windows HD Photo / Media Photo / JPEG XR (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  302. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Radiance.html">HDR</a></td><td>R</td><td>Radiance RGBE High Dynamic-Range</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Radiance.html">Radiance</a></td></tr>
  303. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/HTML.html">HTML, HTM, XHTML</a></td><td>R</td><td>[Extensible] HyperText Markup Language</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/HTML.html">HTML</a></td></tr>
  304. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC, ICM</a></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>1</span></td><td>International Color Consortium color profile</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  305. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/VCard.html#VCalendar">ICS, ICAL</a></td><td>R</td><td>iCalendar Schedule</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/VCard.html#VCalendar">VCalendar</a></td></tr>
  306. <tr><td>IDML</td><td>R</td><td>Adobe InDesign Markup Language (ZIP/XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R XML <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  307. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhaseOne.html">IIQ</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Phase One Intelligent Image Quality RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/PhaseOne.html">PhaseOne</a></td></tr>
  308. <tr><td>IND, INDD, INDT</td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe InDesign Document/Template</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr>
  309. <tr><td>INX</td><td>R</td><td>Adobe InDesign Interchange (XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr>
  310. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ITC.html">ITC</a></td><td>R</td><td>iTunes Cover Flow artwork</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ITC.html">ITC</a></td></tr>
  311. <tr><td>J2C, JPC</td><td>R</td><td>JPEG 2000 codestream</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Jpeg2000.html">Jpeg2000</a> <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a><span class=sup>3</span></td></tr>
  312. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Jpeg2000.html">JP2, JPF, J2K, JPM, JPX</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>JPEG 2000 image [Compound/Extended]</td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/Jpeg2000.html">Jpeg2000</a>, R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a><span class=sup>3</span></td></tr>
  313. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG, JPG, JPE</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Joint Photographic Experts Group image</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td><a href="#JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></td></tr>
  314. <tr><td>K25</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak DC25 RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>-</td></tr>
  315. <tr><td>KDC</td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Digital Camera RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Kodak.html">Kodak</a></td></tr>
  316. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">KEY, KTH</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Keynote presentation/Theme</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/iWork.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  317. <tr><td>LA</td><td>R</td><td>Lossless Audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  318. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Lytro.html">LFP, LFR</a></td><td>R</td><td>Lytro Light Field Picture</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Lytro.html">Lytro</a></td></tr>
  319. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/LNK.html">LNK</a></td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Shell Link (Windows shortcut)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/LNK.html">LNK</a></td></tr>
  320. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/M2TS.html">M2TS, MTS, M2T, TS</a></td><td>R</td><td>MPEG-2 Transport Stream (used for AVCHD video)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/M2TS.html">M2TS</a> <a href="TagNames/H264.html">H264</a></td></tr>
  321. <tr><td>M4A, M4B, M4P, M4V</td><td>R/W</td><td>MPEG-4 Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  322. <tr><td>MEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Mamiya (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td></tr>
  323. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Meta Information Encapsulation (<a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">MIE specification</a>)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE</a></td></tr>
  324. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIFF.html">MIFF, MIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Magick Image File Format</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MIFF.html">MIFF</a> <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  325. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">MKA, MKV, MKS</a></td><td>R</td><td>Matroska Audio/Video/Subtitle</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">Matroska</a></td></tr>
  326. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Palm.html">MOBI, AZW, AZW3</a></td><td>R</td><td>Mobipocket electronic book (<a href="TagNames/Palm.html">Palm</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Palm.html">Palm</a> <a href="TagNames/Palm.html#MOBI">MOBI</a></td></tr>
  327. <tr><td>MODD</td><td>R</td><td>Sony Picture Motion metadata (XML <a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a></td></tr>
  328. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MOI.html">MOI</a></td><td>R</td><td>MOD Information file</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MOI.html">MOI</a></td></tr>
  329. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Leaf.html">MOS</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Creo Leaf Mosaic (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Leaf.html">Leaf</a></td></tr>
  330. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">MOV, QT</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Apple QuickTime Movie</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  331. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPEG.html#Audio">MP3</a></td><td>R</td><td>MPEG-1 layer 3 audio</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> <a href="TagNames/APE.html">APE</a></td></tr>
  332. <tr><td>MP4</td><td>R/W</td><td>Motion Picture Experts Group version 4 (<a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a>-based)</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  333. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPC.html">MPC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Musepack Audio</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MPC.html">MPC</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> <a href="TagNames/APE.html">APE</a></td></tr>
  334. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG, MPG, M2V</a></td><td>R</td><td>Motion Picture Experts Group version 1 or 2</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a></td></tr>
  335. <tr><td>MPO</td><td>R/W</td><td>Extended Multi-Picture format (<a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG</a> with <a href="TagNames/MPF.html">MPF</a> extensions)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td><a href="#JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></td></tr>
  336. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">MQV</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Sony Mobile QuickTime Video</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  337. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MinoltaRaw.html">MRW</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Minolta RAW</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/MinoltaRaw.html">MinoltaRaw</a> <a href="TagNames/Minolta.html">Minolta</a></td></tr>
  338. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MXF.html">MXF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Material Exchange Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MXF.html">MXF</a></td></tr>
  339. <tr><td>NEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Nikon (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Nikon.html">Nikon</a> <a href="TagNames/NikonCapture.html">NikonCapture</a></td></tr>
  340. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">NMBTEMPLATE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Numbers Template</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/iWork.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  341. <tr><td>NRW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Nikon RAW (2) (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Nikon.html">Nikon</a> <a href="TagNames/NikonCapture.html">NikonCapture</a></td></tr>
  342. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">NUMBERS</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Numbers spreadsheet</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/iWork.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  343. <tr><td>ODB, ODC, ODF, ODG,<br>ODI, ODP, ODS, ODT</td><td>R</td><td>Open Document Database/Chart/Formula/Graphics/<br>Image/Presentation/Spreadsheet/Text (ZIP/XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R XML <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  344. <tr><td>OFR</td><td>R</td><td>OptimFROG audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  345. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Ogg.html">OGG, OGV</a></td><td>R</td><td>Ogg bitstream container</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FLAC.html">FLAC</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a> <a href="TagNames/Theora.html">Theora</a> <a href="TagNames/Vorbis.html">Vorbis</a></td></tr>
  346. <tr><td>ORF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Olympus RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Olympus.html">Olympus</a></td></tr>
  347. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">OTF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Open Type Font</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  348. <tr><td>PAC</td><td>R</td><td>Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  349. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/iWork.html">PAGES</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple iWork '09 Pages document</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/iWork.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  350. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhotoCD.html">PCD</a></td><td>R</td><td>Kodak Photo CD Image Pac</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PhotoCD.html">PhotoCD</a></td></tr>
  351. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Palm.html">PDB, PRC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Palm Database</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Palm.html">Palm</a></td></tr>
  352. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Adobe Portable Document Format</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF</a>, R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  353. <tr><td>PEF</td><td>R/W</td><td>Pentax (RAW) Electronic Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Pentax.html">Pentax</a></td></tr>
  354. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">PFA, PFB</a></td><td>R</td><td>PostScript Font ASCII/Binary</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  355. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">PFM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Printer Font Metrics</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  356. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PGF.html">PGF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Progressive Graphics File</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PGF.html">PGF</a> <a href="TagNames/PNG.html">PNG</a></td></tr>
  357. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PICT.html">PICT, PCT</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple Picture file</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PICT.html">PICT</a> <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  358. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a></td><td>R</td><td>Apple Property List (binary and XML formats)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PLIST.html">PLIST</a></td></tr>
  359. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Sony.html#PMP">PMP</a></td><td>R</td><td>Sony DSC-F1 Cyber-Shot image</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Sony.html#PMP">Sony</a></td></tr>
  360. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PNG.html">PNG</a>, <a href="TagNames/MNG.html">JNG, MNG</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Portable/JPEG/Multiple-image Network Graphics</td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/PNG.html">PNG</a></td></tr>
  361. <tr><td>PPM, PBM, PGM</td><td>R/W</td><td>Portable Pixel/Bit/Gray Map</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R PPM</td></tr>
  362. <tr><td>PPT, PPS, POT</td><td>R</td><td>PowerPoint Presentation/Slideshow/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  363. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">POTX, POTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation Template [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  364. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">PPSX, PPSM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation Slideshow [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  365. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">PPTX, PPTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Presentation [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  366. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">PSD, PSB</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>PhotoShop Document / Large Document</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a></td></tr>
  367. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PSP.html">PSP, PSPIMAGE</a></td><td>R</td><td>Paint Shop Pro</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/PSP.html">PSP</a></td></tr>
  368. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QTIF, QTI, QIF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>QuickTime Image File</td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/QuickTime.html">QuickTime</a><span class=sup>4</span></td></tr>
  369. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html#Audio">RA</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Audio</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Real.html#Audio">Real</a> <a href="TagNames/ID3.html">ID3</a></td></tr>
  370. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FujiFilm.html#RAF">RAF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>FujiFilm RAW Format</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/FujiFilm.html">FujiFilm</a></td></tr>
  371. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html#Metafile">RAM, RPM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Audio/Plug-in Metafile</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Real.html#Metafile">Real</a></td></tr>
  372. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#RAR">RAR</a></td><td>R</td><td>RAR Archive</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html#RAR">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  373. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/KyoceraRaw.html">RAW</a></td><td>R</td><td>Kyocera Contax N Digital RAW</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/KyoceraRaw.html">KyoceraRaw</a></td></tr>
  374. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RAW</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Panasonic RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">PanasonicRaw</a> <a href="TagNames/Panasonic.html">Panasonic</a></td></tr>
  375. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF, RIF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Resource Interchange File Format</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  376. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Real.html">RM, RV, RMVB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Real Media/Video [Variable Bitrate]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Real.html">Real</a></td></tr>
  377. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RSRC.html">RSRC</a></td><td>R</td><td>Mac OS Resource</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RSRC.html">RSRC</a> <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop</a> <a href="TagNames/PostScript.html">PostScript</a> <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  378. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/RTF.html">RTF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Rich Text Format</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RTF.html">RTF</a></td></tr>
  379. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RW2</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Panasonic RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">PanasonicRaw</a> <a href="TagNames/Panasonic.html">Panasonic</a></td></tr>
  380. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">RWL</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Leica RAW (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/PanasonicRaw.html">PanasonicRaw</a> <a href="TagNames/Panasonic.html">Panasonic</a></td></tr>
  381. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Rawzor.html">RWZ</a></td><td>R</td><td>Rawzor compressed image</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Rawzor.html">Rawzor</a></td></tr>
  382. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#AFF">SEQ</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR Systems image Sequence</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#AFF">FLIR</a></td></tr>
  383. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXE.html#ELF">SO</a></td><td>R</td><td>Unix ELF executable and Shared Object files</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/EXE.html#ELF">EXE</a></td></tr>
  384. <tr><td>SR2</td><td>R/W</td><td>Sony RAW 2 (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Sony.html">Sony</a></td></tr>
  385. <tr><td>SRF</td><td>R</td><td>Sony RAW Format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Sony.html">Sony</a></td></tr>
  386. <tr><td>SRW</td><td>R/W</td><td>Samsung RAW format (<a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Samsung.html">Samsung</a></td></tr>
  387. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/XMP.html#SVG">SVG</a></td><td>R</td><td>Scalable Vector Graphics (XML-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/XMP.html#SVG">SVG</a></td></tr>
  388. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Flash.html">SWF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Shockwave Flash</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Flash.html">Flash</a></td></tr>
  389. <tr><td>THM</td><td>R/W</td><td>Canon Thumbnail (<a href="TagNames/JPEG.html">JPEG</a>)</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td><a href="#JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></td></tr>
  390. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">THMX</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Theme</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  391. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">TIFF, TIF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Tagged Image File Format</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/GeoTiff.html">GeoTIFF</a><span class=sup>1</span>, R/W <a href="#Trailers">Trailers</a></td></tr>
  392. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Font.html">TTF, TTC</a></td><td>R</td><td>True Type Font/Collection</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Font.html">Font</a></td></tr>
  393. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Torrent.html">TORRENT</a></td><td>R</td><td>BitTorrent description file</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Torrent.html">Torrent</a></td></tr>
  394. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/VCard.html">VCF, VCARD</a></td><td>R</td><td>Virtual Card</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/VCard.html">VCard</a></td></tr>
  395. <tr><td>VOB</td><td>R</td><td>Video Object (<a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/MPEG.html">MPEG</a></td></tr>
  396. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">VRD</a></td><td>R/W/C<span class=sup>2</span></td><td>Canon DPP Recipe Data</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C <a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD</a><span class=sup>2</span></td></tr>
  397. <tr><td>VSD</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Visio Drawing (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  398. <tr><td>WAV</td><td>R</td><td>Windows digital audio WAVeform (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  399. <tr><td>WEBM</td><td>R</td><td>Google Web Movie (<a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">Matroska</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/Matroska.html">Matroska</a></td></tr>
  400. <tr><td>WEBP</td><td>R</td><td>Google Web Picture (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  401. <tr><td>WMA, WMV</td><td>R</td><td>Windows Media Audio/Video (<a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a>-based)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ASF.html">ASF</a></td></tr>
  402. <tr><td>WV</td><td>R</td><td>WavePack lossless audio (<a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a>-based)</td><td>R<span class=sup>3</span></td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/RIFF.html">RIFF</a></td></tr>
  403. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/SigmaRaw.html">X3F</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Sigma/Foveon RAW</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>R/W <a href="TagNames/Sigma.html">Sigma</a>, R <a href="TagNames/SigmaRaw.html">SigmaRaw</a></td></tr>
  404. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/GIMP.html">XCF</a></td><td>R</td><td>GIMP native image format</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/GIMP.html">GIMP</a></td></tr>
  405. <tr><td>XLS, XLT</td><td>R</td><td>Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet/Template (<a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPX</a>-like)</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R</td><td>R</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FlashPix</a></td></tr>
  406. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XLSX, XLSM, XLSB</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Spreadsheet [Macro-enabled/Binary]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  407. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XLTX, XLTM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Office Open XML Spreadsheet Template [Macro-enabled]</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/OOXML.html">XML</a> <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  408. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Extensible Metadata Platform sidecar file</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>-</td><td>-</td></tr>
  409. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td><td>R</td><td>ZIP archive</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>R <a href="TagNames/ZIP.html">ZIP</a></td></tr>
  410. </table><span class=sm><span class=sup>1</span> Block write only,
  411. <span class=sup>2</span> Block create only,
  412. <span class=sup>3</span> Non-standard format,
  413. <span class=sup>4</span> Writes only some date/time tags,
  414. <span class=sup>5</span> Only writable for PostScript-format file type,
  415. <span class=sup>6</span> Only writable for PDF-format file type</span></blockquote>
  416. <h3><a name="JPEG">Supported JPEG Meta Information</a></h3>
  417. <p>ExifTool can <b>R</b>ead, <b>W</b>rite and/or <b>C</b>reate the following types
  418. of meta information in JPEG images:</p>
  419. <blockquote><table class='norm tight sm bm'>
  420. <tr><th>JPEG Meta Information</th><th>Support</th><th>Description</th></tr>
  421. <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html">JFIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>JPEG File Interchange Format</td></tr>
  422. <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JFIF.html#Extension">JFXX</a></td><td>R</td><td>Extended JFIF</td></tr>
  423. <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/CanonRaw.html">CIFF</a></td><td>R/W</td><td><a href="canon_raw.html">Camera Image File Format</a> (used by some Canon models)</td></tr>
  424. <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#AVI1">AVI1</a></td><td>R</td><td>JPEG AVI information</td></tr>
  425. <tr><td>APP0 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Ocad">Ocad</a></td><td>R</td><td>Photobucket Ocad segment</td></tr>
  426. <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/EXIF.html">EXIF</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Exchangeable Image File Format (including maker notes)</td></tr>
  427. <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/XMP.html">XMP</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Extensible Metadata Platform (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  428. <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/Casio.html#QVCI">QVCI</a></td><td>R</td><td>Casio QV-7000SX QVCI information</td></tr>
  429. <tr><td>APP1 - <a href="TagNames/FLIR.html#FFF">FLIR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FLIR thermal imaging data (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  430. <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/ICC_Profile.html">ICC</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>International Color Consortium (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  431. <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix Ready (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  432. <tr><td>APP2 - <a href="TagNames/MPF.html">MPF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Multi-Picture Format</td></tr>
  433. <tr><td>APP2 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>Samsung/GE APP2 preview image (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  434. <tr><td>APP3 - <a href="TagNames/Kodak.html#Meta">Kodak Meta</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Kodak Meta information (EXIF-like)</td></tr>
  435. <tr><td>APP3 - <a href="TagNames/Stim.html">Stim</a></td><td>R</td><td>Stereo Still Image format</td></tr>
  436. <tr><td>APP3 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>Samsung/HP preview image (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  437. <tr><td>APP4 - <a href="TagNames/Scalado.html">Scalado</a></td><td>R</td><td>(presumably written by <a href="http://www.scalado.com/">Scalado</a> mobile software)</td></tr>
  438. <tr><td>APP4 - <a href="TagNames/FlashPix.html">FPXR</a></td><td>R</td><td>FlashPix Ready in non-standard location (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  439. <tr><td>APP4 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>(continued from APP3)</td></tr>
  440. <tr><td>APP5 - <a href="TagNames/Ricoh.html#RMETA">Ricoh RMETA</a></td><td>R</td><td>Ricoh custom fields</td></tr>
  441. <tr><td>APP5 - PreviewImage</td><td>R</td><td>(continued from APP4)</td></tr>
  442. <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#EPPIM">EPPIM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Toshiba PrintIM</td></tr>
  443. <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#NITF">NITF</a></td><td>R</td><td>National Imagery Transmission Format</td></tr>
  444. <tr><td>APP6 - <a href="TagNames/HP.html#TDHD">HP TDHD</a></td><td>R</td><td>Hewlett-Packard Photosmart R837 TDHD information</td></tr>
  445. <tr><td>APP7 - <a href="TagNames/Pentax.html">Pentax</a></td><td>R</td><td>Pentax APP7 maker notes</td></tr>
  446. <tr><td>APP7 - <a href="TagNames/Qualcomm.html">Qualcomm</a></td><td>R</td><td>Qualcomm Camera Attributes</td></tr>
  447. <tr><td>APP8 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#SPIFF">SPIFF</a></td><td>R</td><td>Still Picture Interchange File Format</td></tr>
  448. <tr><td>APP9 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#MediaJukebox">Media Jukebox</a></td><td>R</td><td>Media Jukebox XML information</td></tr>
  449. <tr><td>APP10 - Comment</td><td>R</td><td>PhotoStudio Unicode Comment</td></tr>
  450. <tr><td>APP11 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#HDR">JPEG-HDR</a></td><td>R</td><td>JPEG-HDR compressed ratio image</td></tr>
  451. <tr><td>APP12 - <a href="TagNames/APP12.html#PictureInfo">Picture Info</a></td><td>R</td><td>ASCII-based Picture Information</td></tr>
  452. <tr><td>APP12 - <a href="TagNames/APP12.html#Ducky">Ducky</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Photoshop "Save for Web"</td></tr>
  453. <tr><td>APP13 - <a href="TagNames/Photoshop.html">Photoshop IRB</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Image Resource Block (multi-segment, includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
  454. <tr><td>APP13 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#AdobeCM">Adobe CM</a></td><td>R</td><td>Adobe Color Management</td></tr>
  455. <tr><td>APP14 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Adobe">Adobe</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Adobe DCT filter</td></tr>
  456. <tr><td>APP15 - <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#GraphConv">GraphicConverter</a></td><td>R</td><td>GraphicConverter quality</td></tr>
  457. <tr><td>COM</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>JPEG Comment (multi-segment)</td></tr>
  458. <tr><td>DQT</td><td>R</td><td>(used to calculate the <a href="TagNames/Extra.html">Extra:JPEGDigest</a> tag value)</td></tr>
  459. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#SOF">SOF</a></td><td>R</td><td>JPEG Start Of Frame</td></tr>
  460. <tr><th colspan=3><a name="Trailers">Trailers <span class=sup>1</span></a></th></tr>
  461. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/AFCP.html">AFCP trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>AXS File Concatenation Protocol (includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
  462. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html">CanonVRD trailer</a></td><td>R/W/C</td><td>Canon DPP Recipe Data (includes <a href="TagNames/CanonVRD.html#DR4">DR4</a>)</td></tr>
  463. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/FotoStation.html">FotoStation trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>FotoWare FotoStation (includes <a href="TagNames/IPTC.html">IPTC</a>)</td></tr>
  464. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/PhotoMechanic.html">PhotoMechanic trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td>Camera Bits Photo Mechanic</td></tr>
  465. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/MIE.html">MIE trailer</a></td><td>R/W</td><td><a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">Meta Information Encapsulation</a></td></tr>
  466. <tr><td><a href="TagNames/Samsung.html#Trailer">Samsung trailer</a></td><td>R</td><td>Samsung Galaxy trailer</td></tr>
  467. <tr><td>PreviewImage trailer</td><td>R/W/C</td><td>(preview image written after JPEG EOI)</td></tr>
  468. </table><span class=sm><span class=sup>1</span> All trailers except Samsung and PreviewImage also have R/W support in TIFF images.</span></blockquote>
  469. <h2><a name="system">System Requirements</a></h2>
  470. <p>Requires Perl 5.004 or later. No other libraries or software required.</p>
  471. <p><b>Windows users:</b> A <a href="#alone">stand-alone Windows executable</a>
  472. version of ExifTool is available which doesn't require Perl. You can also use
  473. the pure Perl version if you already have Perl installed. (You can get a good,
  474. free Perl interpreter from
  475. <a href="http://www.activestate.com/activeperl/">activeperl.com</a>.)</p>
  476. <p><b>Everyone else (Mac, Unix, etc):</b> Don't worry, you already have
  477. Perl installed.</p>
  478. <h2><a name="running">Running ExifTool</a></h2>
  479. <p>The <a href="exiftool_pod.html">exiftool application</a> provides a
  480. convenient command-line interface for the
  481. <a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool</a> Perl package (both included in the
  482. full distribution). Once you have downloaded and extracted the distribution, you
  483. can immediately run exiftool (without building or installing) by typing
  484. "<code><i>DIR</i>/exiftool <i>FILE</i></code>" (or
  485. "<code>perl <i>DIR</i>/exiftool <i>FILE</i></code>" in Windows), where
  486. <code><i>DIR</i></code> is the exiftool directory and <code><i>FILE</i></code>
  487. is the name of an image file, including directory name. Read the
  488. <a href="install.html">installation instructions</a> or the README file included
  489. in the full distribution for help installing ExifTool.</p>
  490. <p>Many command-line options are available to allow you to access a wide range
  491. of features. Run exiftool with no arguments for a
  492. <a href="exiftool_pod.html">complete list of available options with
  493. examples</a>.</p>
  494. <h3>Running in Windows</h3>
  495. <p><b>i) From the command line:</b></p>
  496. <p>The Perl application ("<code>exiftool</code>") is run by typing "<code>perl
  497. exiftool</code>". Alternately, you may be able to rename it to
  498. "<code>exiftool.pl</code>" and type "<code>exiftool.pl</code>", but this
  499. requires that the proper Windows associations have been made for the the
  500. "<code>.pl</code>" extension.</p>
  501. <p>The stand-alone version ("<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>") should be
  502. renamed to "<code>exiftool.exe</code>" to allow it to be run by typing
  503. "<code>exiftool</code>" at the command line.</p>
  504. <p>If the exiftool executable ("<code>exiftool.pl</code>" or
  505. "<code>exiftool.exe</code>") is not in the current directory or your system
  506. PATH, then its directory must be specified on the command line (eg. by typing
  507. "<code>c:\path_to_exiftool\exiftool.pl</code>" or
  508. "<code>c:\path_to_exiftool\exiftool</code>").</p>
  509. <p>Note that when typing commands in the "cmd.exe" shell, you should use double
  510. quotes instead of single quotes as shown in some examples.</p>
  511. <p><b>ii) Stand-alone version in the Windows GUI:</b></p>
  512. <p>Double-click on "<code>exiftool(-k).exe</code>" to read the application
  513. documentation, or drag-and-drop files and folders to run exiftool on the
  514. selected files.</p>
  515. <p>Simple options may be added inside brackets in the name of the stand-alone
  516. executable. (But note that the characters <code>/\?*:|"&lt;&gt;</code> may not
  517. be used because they are invalid in Windows file names.) In this way, the
  518. behaviour of the drag-and-drop application can be customized. For example:</p>
  519. <blockquote><table class=norm>
  520. <tr><th>Executable Name</th><th>Operation</th></tr>
  521. <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k).exe</pre></td>
  522. <td>Print meta information in window and pause before terminating.</td></tr>
  523. <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k -a -u -g1 -w txt).exe</pre></td>
  524. <td>Generate output "<code>.txt</code>" files with detailed meta information.</td></tr>
  525. <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-k -o %d%f.xmp).exe</pre></td>
  526. <td>Generate sidecar "<code>.xmp</code>" files.</td></tr>
  527. <tr><td><pre>exiftool(-copyright='Phil Harvey').exe</pre></td>
  528. <td>Add copyright information (and don't pause before terminating).</td></tr>
  529. </table></blockquote>
  530. <p><b>Hint:</b> Options may also be added to the "Target" property of a Windows
  531. shortcut for the executable. Using a shortcut has 3 advantages over adding
  532. options in the file name: 1) different shortcuts may be created without
  533. requiring multiple copies of the executable, 2) characters which are invalid
  534. in file names may be used, and 3) the shortcuts can be given more meaningful
  535. (and convenient) file names.</p>
  536. <p>As well, it may be useful to increase the window and buffer sizes to display
  537. more information: Right-click on the window's title bar then select
  538. "Properties" from the menu and change the window layout settings.</p>
  539. <h2><a name="output">Example Output</a></h2>
  540. <blockquote>
  541. <table width='100%'><tr valign='top'><td>
  542. &gt; <code>exiftool -h -canon pics/IMG_0315.JPG</code><br>&nbsp;
  543. <!-- t/images/Canon.jpg -->
  544. <table class='box sm tight'>
  545. <tr><td>File Name</td><td>Canon.jpg</td></tr>
  546. <tr><td>Camera Model Name</td><td>Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL</td></tr>
  547. <tr><td>Date/Time Original</td><td>2003:12:04 06:46:52</td></tr>
  548. <tr><td>Shooting Mode</td><td>Bulb</td></tr>
  549. <tr><td>Shutter Speed</td><td>4</td></tr>
  550. <tr><td>Aperture</td><td>14.0</td></tr>
  551. <tr><td>Metering Mode</td><td>Center-weighted average</td></tr>
  552. <tr><td>Exposure Compensation</td><td>0</td></tr>
  553. <tr><td>ISO</td><td>100</td></tr>
  554. <tr><td>Lens</td><td>18.0 - 55.0 mm</td></tr>
  555. <tr><td>Focal Length</td><td>34.0 mm</td></tr>
  556. <tr><td>Image Size</td><td>8x8</td></tr>
  557. <tr><td>Quality</td><td>RAW</td></tr>
  558. <tr><td>Flash</td><td>No Flash</td></tr>
  559. <tr><td>White Balance</td><td>Auto</td></tr>
  560. <tr><td>Focus Mode</td><td>Manual Focus (3)</td></tr>
  561. <tr><td>Contrast</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  562. <tr><td>Sharpness</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  563. <tr><td>Saturation</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  564. <tr><td>Color Tone</td><td>Normal</td></tr>
  565. <tr><td>Color Space</td><td>sRGB</td></tr>
  566. <tr><td>File Size</td><td>2.6 kB</td></tr>
  567. <tr><td>File Number</td><td>118-1861</td></tr>
  568. <tr><td>Drive Mode</td><td>Continuous Shooting</td></tr>
  569. <tr><td>Owner Name</td><td>Phil Harvey</td></tr>
  570. <tr><td>Serial Number</td><td>0560018150</td></tr>
  571. </table>
  572. </td><td>
  573. &gt; <code>exiftool -lang de -h -canon t/images/Canon.jpg</code><br>&nbsp;
  574. <!-- t/images/Canon.jpg -->
  575. <table class='box sm tight'>
  576. <tr><td>Dateiname</td><td>Canon.jpg</td></tr>
  577. <tr><td>Kameramodell</td><td>Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL</td></tr>
  578. <tr><td>Erstellungsdatum/-uhrzeit</td><td>2003:12:04 06:46:52</td></tr>
  579. <tr><td>Aufnahmemodus</td><td>Bulb</td></tr>
  580. <tr><td>Belichtungsdauer</td><td>4</td></tr>
  581. <tr><td>Blende</td><td>14.0</td></tr>
  582. <tr><td>Belichtungsmessmethode</td><td>Mittenbetont</td></tr>
  583. <tr><td>Belichtungskorrektur</td><td>0</td></tr>
  584. <tr><td>ISO-Empfindlichkeit</td><td>100</td></tr>
  585. <tr><td>Objektiv</td><td>18.0 - 55.0 mm</td></tr>
  586. <tr><td>Brennweite</td><td>34.0 mm</td></tr>
  587. <tr><td>Bildgr&ouml;&szlig;e</td><td>8x8</td></tr>
  588. <tr><td>Bildqualit&auml;t</td><td>RAW</td></tr>
  589. <tr><td>Blitz</td><td>Blitz wurde nicht ausgel&ouml;st</td></tr>
  590. <tr><td>Wei&szlig;abgleich</td><td>Automatisch</td></tr>
  591. <tr><td>Fokus-Modus</td><td>Manueller Fokus (3)</td></tr>
  592. <tr><td>Kontrast</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  593. <tr><td>Sch&auml;rfe</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  594. <tr><td>Farbs&auml;ttigung</td><td>+1</td></tr>
  595. <tr><td>Farbton</td><td>Normal</td></tr>
  596. <tr><td>Farbraum</td><td>sRGB</td></tr>
  597. <tr><td>Dateigr&ouml;&szlig;e</td><td>2.6 kB</td></tr>
  598. <tr><td>Dateinummer</td><td>118-1861</td></tr>
  599. <tr><td>Aufnahmeart</td><td>Serienaufnahme</td></tr>
  600. <tr><td>Name des Besitzers</td><td>Phil Harvey</td></tr>
  601. <tr><td>Seriennummer</td><td>0560018150</td></tr>
  602. </table>
  603. </td></tr></table>
  604. </blockquote>
  605. <h3>Verbose and HtmlDump Output</h3>
  606. <p>The <a href="verbose.html">Verbose</a> (<code>-v</code>) and <a
  607. href="htmldump.html">HtmlDump</a> (<code>-htmlDump</code>) options print additional
  608. information that can be very useful for debugging or when decoding new tags.</p>
  609. <h2><a name="tagnames">Tag Names Explained</a></h2>
  610. <p>A tag name is a "handle" that is used to refer to a specific piece of meta
  611. information. Tag names are entered on the command line with a leading
  612. '<code>-</code>', in the order you want them displayed. Case is not
  613. significant. The tag name may be prefixed by a <a href="#groups">group name</a>
  614. (separated by a colon) to identify a specific information type or location. A
  615. special tag name of "<code>All</code>" may be used to represent all tags, or all
  616. tags in a specified group. For example:</p>
  617. <blockquote><pre>
  618. exiftool -filename -imagesize -exif:fnumber -xmp:all image.jpg
  619. </pre></blockquote>
  620. <p>A complete list of <a href="TagNames/index.html">ExifTool Tag Names</a>
  621. accompanies this documentation. As well, current lists of available tag names
  622. and writable tag names may be obtained using the exiftool <code>-list</code> and
  623. <code>-listw</code> options. But perhaps the easiest way to determine a tag name
  624. is to use the <code>-s</code> option to print the tag names instead of
  625. descriptions for all information in a file. It may also be helpful to use the
  626. <code>-G</code> option to display the group names, and the <code>-H</code> or
  627. <code>-D</code> option to print the numerical tag ID's for reference.</p>
  628. <p><b>Notes:</b></p>
  629. <ol><li>Tag names sometimes differ from their descriptions. Use the
  630. <code>-s</code> command-line option to see the actual tag names instead of the
  631. descriptions shown when extracting information.</li>
  632. <li>When extracting information, tags will not appear in the output unless they
  633. exist in the file, even if they are specified on the command line. The
  634. <code>-f</code> option may be used to force all specified tags to be displayed
  635. (not including tags specified with wildcards or by <code>-GROUP:all</code>).</li>
  636. <li>Information for a given tag name may occur in multiple locations within a
  637. single file. By default these duplicate tags are suppressed, but the <code>-a</code>
  638. option may be used to extract all tags.</li>
  639. <li>Tag names may be suffixed by a '<code>#</code>' character to disable the
  640. print conversion on a per-tag basis. See the
  641. <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item_n">-n option</a> in the application
  642. documentation for more information.</li>
  643. </ol>
  644. <h3><a name="shortcut">Shortcut Tags</a></h3>
  645. <p>Shortcut tags represent one or more other tags, and are used like any other
  646. tag when reading, writing or copying information.</p>
  647. <p>ExifTool defines <a href="TagNames/Shortcuts.html">a few shortcut tags</a>
  648. in the Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts module, and allows users to define their own
  649. shortcuts in a <a href="config.html">configuration file</a> called
  650. "<code>.ExifTool_config</code>" in their home directory or exiftool application
  651. directory. Here is a simple example that defines two shortcuts:</p>
  652. <blockquote><table class=box><tr><td><pre class=blk>
  653. %Image::ExifTool::UserDefined::Shortcuts = (
  654. MyShortcut =&gt; ['createdate','exposuretime','aperture'],
  655. MyAlias =&gt; 'FocalLengthIn35mmFormat',
  656. );
  657. </pre></td></tr></table></blockquote>
  658. <p>In this example, MyShortcut is a shortcut for the CreateDate, ExposureTime
  659. and Aperture tags, and MyAlias is a shortcut for FocalLengthIn35mmFormat.</p>
  660. <p>The current shortcuts may be listed with the <code>-list</code> option.</p>
  661. <p>The <code>~/.ExifTool_config</code> file may also be used to define new tags.
  662. For more information about the configuration file, see the
  663. <a href="config.html">sample configuration file</a> included with the ExifTool
  664. distribution.</p>
  665. <p><b>Windows tip:</b> You may have difficulty generating a filename beginning
  666. with a '<code>.</code>' in the Windows GUI, but it can be done with the
  667. "<code>rename</code>" command at the cmd.exe prompt.</p>
  668. <h2><a name="groups">Tag Groups</a></h2>
  669. <p>ExifTool classifies tags into groups in five different families.
  670. These groups are:</p>
  671. <blockquote><table class=norm>
  672. <tr><th>Family</th><th>Group Names</th></tr>
  673. <tr><td><b>0 (Information&nbsp;Type)</b></td>
  674. <td class=sm>AFCP, AIFF, APE, APP0, APP1, APP11, APP12, APP13, APP14, APP15, APP4, APP5,
  675. APP6, APP8, ASF, Audible, CanonVRD, Composite, DICOM, DNG, DV, DjVu, Ducky,
  676. EXE, EXIF, ExifTool, FLAC, FLIR, File, Flash, FlashPix, Font, FotoStation,
  677. GIF, GIMP, GeoTiff, H264, HTML, ICC_Profile, ID3, IPTC, ITC, JFIF, JPEG,
  678. Jpeg2000, LNK, Leaf, Lytro, M2TS, MIE, MIFF, MNG, MOI, MPC, MPEG, MPF, MXF,
  679. MakerNotes, Matroska, Meta, Ogg, OpenEXR, PDF, PICT, PLIST, PNG, PSP, Palm,
  680. PanasonicRaw, PhotoCD, PhotoMechanic, Photoshop, PostScript, PrintIM,
  681. QuickTime, RAF, RIFF, RSRC, RTF, Radiance, Rawzor, Real, SVG, SigmaRaw,
  682. Stim, Theora, Torrent, VCard, Vorbis, XML, XMP, ZIP
  683. </td></tr>
  684. <tr><td><b>1&nbsp;(Specific&nbsp;Location)</b></td>
  685. <td class=sm>AC3, AFCP, AIFF, APE, ASF, AVI1, Adobe, AdobeCM, AdobeDNG, Apple, Audible,
  686. CIFF, Canon, CanonCustom, CanonRaw, CanonVRD, Casio, Chapter#, Composite,
  687. DICOM, DNG, DV, DjVu, DjVu-Meta, Ducky, EPPIM, EXE, EXIF, ExifIFD, ExifTool,
  688. FLAC, FLIR, File, Flash, FlashPix, Font, FotoStation, FujiFilm, FujiIFD, GE,
  689. GIF, GIMP, GPS, GeoTiff, GlobParamIFD, GraphConv, H264, HP, HTC, HTML,
  690. HTML-dc, HTML-ncc, HTML-office, HTML-prod, HTML-vw96, HTTP-equiv, ICC-chrm,
  691. ICC-clrt, ICC-header, ICC-meas, ICC-meta, ICC-view, ICC_Profile,
  692. ICC_Profile#, ID3, ID3v1, ID3v1_Enh, ID3v2_2, ID3v2_3, ID3v2_4, IFD0, IFD1,
  693. IPTC, IPTC#, ITC, InteropIFD, JFIF, JPEG, JPEG-HDR, JVC, Jpeg2000, KDC_IFD,
  694. Kodak, KodakBordersIFD, KodakEffectsIFD, KodakIFD, KyoceraRaw, LNK, Leaf,
  695. LeafSubIFD, Leica, Lytro, M2TS, MAC, MIE-Audio, MIE-Camera, MIE-Canon,
  696. MIE-Doc, MIE-Extender, MIE-Flash, MIE-GPS, MIE-Geo, MIE-Image, MIE-Lens,
  697. MIE-Main, MIE-MakerNotes, MIE-Meta, MIE-Orient, MIE-Preview, MIE-Thumbnail,
  698. MIE-UTM, MIE-Unknown, MIE-Video, MIFF, MNG, MOBI, MOI, MPC, MPEG, MPF0,
  699. MPImage, MXF, MakerNotes, MakerUnknown, Matroska, MediaJukebox, MetaIFD,
  700. Microsoft, Minolta, MinoltaRaw, Motorola, NITF, Nikon, NikonCapture,
  701. NikonCustom, NikonScan, Nintendo, Ocad, Ogg, Olympus, OpenEXR, PDF, PICT,
  702. PNG, PNG-pHYs, PSP, Palm, Panasonic, PanasonicRaw, Pentax, PhaseOne,
  703. PhotoCD, PhotoMechanic, Photoshop, PictureInfo, PostScript, PreviewIFD,
  704. PrintIM, ProfileIFD, Qualcomm, QuickTime, RAF, RAF2, RIFF, RMETA, RSRC, RTF,
  705. Radiance, Rawzor, Real, Real-CONT, Real-MDPR, Real-PROP, Real-RA3, Real-RA4,
  706. Real-RA5, Real-RJMD, Reconyx, Ricoh, SPIFF, SR2, SR2DataIFD, SR2SubIFD,
  707. SRF#, SVG, Samsung, Sanyo, Scalado, Sigma, SigmaRaw, Sony, SonyIDC, Stim,
  708. SubIFD, System, Theora, Torrent, Track#, VCard, VCalendar, Version0, Vorbis,
  709. XML, XMP, XMP-DICOM, XMP-GPano, XMP-MP, XMP-MP1, XMP-PixelLive, XMP-aas,
  710. XMP-acdsee, XMP-album, XMP-apple-fi, XMP-aux, XMP-cc, XMP-cell, XMP-crs,
  711. XMP-dc, XMP-dex, XMP-digiKam, XMP-dwc, XMP-exif, XMP-exifEX,
  712. XMP-expressionmedia, XMP-extensis, XMP-fpv, XMP-getty, XMP-ics,
  713. XMP-iptcCore, XMP-iptcExt, XMP-lr, XMP-mediapro, XMP-microsoft,
  714. XMP-mwg-coll, XMP-mwg-kw, XMP-mwg-rs, XMP-pdf, XMP-pdfx, XMP-photomech,
  715. XMP-photoshop, XMP-plus, XMP-prism, XMP-prl, XMP-pur, XMP-rdf, XMP-swf,
  716. XMP-tiff, XMP-x, XMP-xmp, XMP-xmpBJ, XMP-xmpDM, XMP-xmpMM, XMP-xmpNote,
  717. XMP-xmpPLUS, XMP-xmpRights, XMP-xmpTPg, ZIP
  718. </td></tr>
  719. <tr><td><b>2&nbsp;(Category)</b></td>
  720. <td>Audio, Author, Camera, Document, ExifTool, Image, Location, Other,
  721. Preview, Printing, Time, Unknown, Video
  722. </td></tr>
  723. <tr><td><b>3&nbsp;(Document&nbsp;Number)</b></td>
  724. <td>Doc#, Main
  725. </td></tr>
  726. <tr><td><b>4&nbsp;(Instance&nbsp;Number)</b></td>
  727. <td>Copy#
  728. </td></tr>
  729. </table></blockquote>
  730. <p>The exiftool output can be organized based on these groups using the
  731. <code>-g</code> or <code>-G</code> option. See the
  732. <a href="ExifTool.html#GetGroup">GetGroup</a> function in the ExifTool library
  733. for a description of the group families.</p>
  734. <h2><a name="writing">Writing Meta Information</a></h2>
  735. <p>When writing information, ExifTool preserves the original file by adding
  736. "<code>_original</code>" to the file name. Be sure to keep a copy of the
  737. original, or thoroughly validate the new file before erasing the original.
  738. (<a href="writing.html">Read here</a> for some ramblings on the subject of
  739. writing meta information.)</p>
  740. <h3>Syntax</h3>
  741. <p>Tag values are written rather than being extracted if any tag name ends with
  742. a '<code>=</code>' symbol (or if the <code>-tagsFromFile</code> or
  743. <code>-geotag</code> options are used). The '<code>=</code>' may be prefixed by
  744. '<code>+</code>', '<code>-</code>' or '<code>&lt;</code>' to add a value, remove
  745. a value or set a value from file. The following table outlines the different
  746. write syntaxes:</p>
  747. <blockquote><table class=norm>
  748. <tr><th>Syntax</th><th>Result</th></tr>
  749. <tr><td>-TAG=</td><td>Deletes all occurrences of TAG</td></tr>
  750. <tr><td>-all=</td><td>Deletes all meta information! <sup>&dagger;</sup></td></tr>
  751. <tr><td>-GROUP:TAG=</td><td>Deletes TAG only in specified group</td></tr>
  752. <tr><td>-GROUP:all=</td><td>Deletes all information in specified group</td></tr>
  753. <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG=VALUE</td><td>Sets value of TAG (only in GROUP if specified)</td></tr>
  754. <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG+=VALUE</td><td>Adds item to a list, shifts a date/time, or increments a number</td></tr>
  755. <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG-=VALUE</td><td>Removes item from a list, shifts a date/time, or deletes TAG if it has the specified value</td></tr>
  756. <tr><td>-[GROUP:]TAG&lt;=FILE</td><td>Sets tag value from contents of specified file</td></tr>
  757. </table><sup>&dagger;</sup> See the <a href="#limitations">Writer Limitations</a> for some limitations of this feature.</blockquote>
  758. <p>Quotes are required around VALUE if it contains spaces or other
  759. special characters, and around the whole argument if the '<code>&lt;=</code>'
  760. syntax is used (to prevent shell redirection).</p>
  761. <p>A special feature allows the print conversion to be disabled on a per-tag
  762. basis by suffixing any tag name (including '<code>all</code>') with the
  763. '<code>#</code>' character. This has the same effect as the
  764. <code>-n</code> option, but for a single tag. See the
  765. <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item_n">-n option</a> in the application
  766. documentation for more details.</p>
  767. <p><b>Note:</b> Changes to PDF files are reversible because the original
  768. metadata is never actually deleted from these files. See the
  769. <a href="TagNames/PDF.html">PDF Tags documentation</a> for details.</p>
  770. <h3>Group Priorities</h3>
  771. <p>ExifTool prioritizes the following types of meta information when writing:</p>
  772. <blockquote>
  773. <b>1)</b> EXIF, &nbsp; <b>2)</b> IPTC, &nbsp; <b>3)</b> XMP
  774. </blockquote>
  775. <p>Many tag names are valid for more than one of these groups. If a group name is
  776. not specified when writing information, then the information is added only to
  777. the highest priority group for which the tag name is valid (however, the
  778. information is updated in all groups where the tag already existed). The
  779. priority of the groups is given by the list above. Specifically, this means that
  780. new information is added preferentially to the EXIF group, or to the IPTC group
  781. if no corresponding EXIF tag exists, or finally to the XMP group.</p>
  782. <p>Alternatively, information may be written to a specific group only, bypassing
  783. these priorities, by providing a group name for the tag. The
  784. "<a href="#writing">Writing Meta Information</a>" section above gave the syntax
  785. rules for exiftool command-line arguments to do this. Any family 0, 1 or 2 group
  786. name may be used when writing information, although not all groups are writable.</p>
  787. <h3>The "-tagsFromFile" Option</h3>
  788. <p>A special ExifTool option allows copying tags from one file to another. The
  789. command-line syntax for doing this is
  790. "<code>-tagsFromFile <i>SRCFILE</i></code>". Any tags specified after this
  791. option on the command line are extracted from source file and written to the
  792. destination file. If no tags are specified, then all writable tags are copied.
  793. This option is very simple, yet very powerful. Depending on the formats of the
  794. source and destination files, some of tags read may not be valid in the
  795. destination file, in which case they aren't written.</p>
  796. <p>This option may also be used to transfer information between different tags
  797. within a single image or between different images. See the
  798. <a href="exiftool_pod.html#item__2dtagsfromfile_srcfile_or_fmt">-tagsFromFile
  799. option</a> in the application documentation for more details.</p>
  800. <h2><font color='#cc0000'><a name="limitations">Writer Limitations</a></font></h2>
  801. <ul>
  802. <li>ExifTool will <b>not rewrite a file if it detects a significant problem</b>
  803. with the file format.</li>
  804. <li>ExifTool has been tested with a wide range of different images, but since it
  805. is not possible to test it with every known image type, <b>there is the possibility
  806. that it will corrupt some files</b>. Be sure to keep backups of your files.</li>
  807. <li>Even though ExifTool does some validation of the information written, it is
  808. still <b>possible to write illegal values</b> which may cause problems when
  809. reading the images with other software. So take care to validate the
  810. information you are writing.</li>
  811. <li>ExifTool is <b>not guaranteed to remove metadata completely</b> from a file
  812. when attempting to delete all metadata. For JPEG images, all APP segments
  813. (except <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Adobe">Adobe APP14</a>, which is not removed
  814. by default) and trailers are removed which effectively removes all metadata, but
  815. for other formats the results are less complete:
  816. <ul>
  817. <li>JPEG - APP segments (except <a href="TagNames/JPEG.html#Adobe">Adobe APP14</a>) and trailers are removed.</li>
  818. <li>TIFF - XMP, IPTC and the ExifIFD are removed, but some EXIF may remain in IFD0.</li>
  819. <li>PNG - Only iTXt, tEXt and zTXt chunks (including XMP) are removed.</li>
  820. <li>PDF - The original metadata is never actually removed.</li>
  821. <li>PS - Only some PostScript and XMP may be deleted.</li>
  822. <li>MOV/MP4 - Only XMP is deleted.</li>
  823. <li>RAW formats - It is not recommended to remove all metadata from RAW images
  824. because this will likely remove some proprietary information that is necessary
  825. for proper rendering of the image.</li>
  826. </ul></li>
  827. </ul>
  828. <h2><font color='#cc6600'><a name="problems">Known Problems</a></font></h2>
  829. <ul>
  830. <li>In <b>Windows</b>, ExifTool will not process files with <b>Unicode characters
  831. in the file name</b>. This is due to an underlying lack of support for Unicode
  832. filenames in the Windows standard C I/O libraries. <i class=grn>[This deficiency
  833. was addressed in ExifTool 9.79, and ExifTool now supports Windows Unicode file
  834. names with some exceptions. See the
  835. <a href="exiftool_pod.html#windows_unicode_file_names">WINDOWS UNICODE FILE NAMES</a>
  836. section of the application documentation for details.]</i></li>
  837. <li>Memory available to ExifTool in the <b>Windows EXE version</b> is limited to
  838. a few hundred MB. This limitation has been known to cause <b>unreasonably long
  839. processing times</b> (almost 7 minutes) for some large EPS files (> 200 MB) which
  840. are processed much faster by the Perl version (&lt; 6 seconds).</li>
  841. <li><b>Apple</b> Spotlight and Preview (OS X 10.8.5) and <b>Adobe</b> Photoshop
  842. CC (version 14.0) <b>ignore XMP in PNG images</b> if it comes after the image
  843. data, which is where ExifTool adds new XMP. This should be considered as a bug
  844. in the Apple and Adobe software since XMP is allowed to exist after the image
  845. data according to the XMP and PNG specifications. <i class=grn>[ExifTool 9.40
  846. provides the <a href="ExifTool.html#PNGEarlyXMP">PNGEarlyXMP API option</a> to
  847. allow writing XMP before the IDAT chunk, but there are caveats associated with
  848. its use]</i></li>
  849. <li>There is a bug in the <b>Apple</b> RAW file support (OS X 10.4.11) which
  850. prevents some edited <b>Pentax PEF</b> images from being displayed properly.
  851. Other software such as the Pentax Silkypix software and dcraw have no problems
  852. with these images. <i class=grn>[This bug is fixed in OS X 10.5.4]</i></li>
  853. <li>There is a bug in a number of <b>Adobe</b> utilities which causes some
  854. edited <b>Sony ARW</b> images to be displayed with the wrong tone curve. This
  855. problem has been observed in Photoshop CS4 Camera Raw 5.6, DNG Converter 5.6 and
  856. Lightroom 2.6 with ARW images from the A500, A550, A700, A850 and A900. Other
  857. software such as the Sony IDC utility, Apple RAW utilities, dcraw and Capture
  858. One have no problems with edited images. <i class=grn>[This bug is fixed in
  859. Camera Raw 6.3 and LR 3.3]</i></li>
  860. </ul>
  861. <h2><font color='#cc6600'><a name="security">Security Issues</a></font></h2>
  862. <p>Some ExifTool options (<code>-if</code>, <code>-p</code>, and copying
  863. arguments like <code>"-DSTTAG&lt;STR"</code>) have the ability to execute Perl
  864. code from within command-line arguments. This may be a security problem if
  865. ExifTool is executed from another application that blindly passes untrusted file
  866. names on the command line (since they may be interpreted as ExifTool options if
  867. they begin with a dash). To be secure, the calling application must ensure that
  868. input file names do not start with a dash (U+002D) or a Unicode minus sign
  869. (U+2212). The easiest way to accomplish this is to prefix input file names with
  870. a known directory name, eg.) <code>"./FILENAME"</code>.</p>
  871. <h2><a name="shift">Date/Time Shift Feature</a></h2>
  872. <p>Have you ever forgotten to set the date/time on your digital camera before
  873. taking a bunch of pictures? ExifTool has a time shift feature that makes it
  874. easy to apply a batch fix to the timestamps of the images (eg. change the "Date
  875. Picture Taken" reported by Windows Explorer). Say for example that your camera
  876. clock was reset to 2000:01:01&nbsp;00:00:00 when you put in a new battery at
  877. 2005:11:03&nbsp;10:48:00. Then all of the pictures you took subsequently have
  878. timestamps that are wrong by 5 years, 10 months, 2 days, 10 hours and 48
  879. minutes. To fix this, put all of the images in the same directory
  880. (<i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i>) and run exiftool:</p>
  881. <blockquote><pre>
  882. exiftool "-DateTimeOriginal+=5:10:2 10:48:0" <i>DIR</i>
  883. </pre></blockquote>
  884. <p>The example above changes only the DateTimeOriginal tag, but any writable date
  885. or time tag can be shifted, and multiple tags may be written with a single
  886. command line. Commonly, in JPEG images, the DateTimeOriginal, CreateDate and
  887. ModifyDate values must all be changed. For convenience, a
  888. <a href="#shortcut">shortcut</a> tag called <b>AllDates</b> has been defined to
  889. represent these three tags. So, for example, if you forgot to set your camera
  890. clock back 1 hour at the end of daylight savings time in the fall, you can fix
  891. the images with:</p>
  892. <blockquote><pre>
  893. exiftool -AllDates-=1 <i>DIR</i>
  894. </pre></blockquote>
  895. <p>See
  896. <a href="Shift.html">Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl</a>
  897. (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Shift.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)
  898. for details about the syntax of the time shift string.</p>
  899. <p><b>Note:</b> Not all date/time information is covered by the AllDates
  900. shortcut. Specifically, the filesystem date/time tags are not included, and this
  901. command will reset FileModifyDate to the current date/time as it should when the
  902. file is modified, unless either the <code>-P</code> option is used, or
  903. FileModifyDate is set to something else. To shift FileModifyDate along with the
  904. other tags, add <code>-FileModifyDate-=1</code> to the command above.</p>
  905. <h2><a name="filename">Renaming and/or Moving Files</a></h2>
  906. <p>By writing a new value to the <b>FileName</b> and/or <b>Directory</b> tags,
  907. files can be renamed and/or moved to different directories. This can be a very
  908. powerful tool in combination with the <code>-d</code> (date format) option for
  909. organizing images by date/time. For example, the following command renames all
  910. images in directory <i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i> according to the individual file's
  911. creation date in the form "<code>YYYYmmdd_HHMMSS.ext</code>".</p>
  912. <blockquote><pre>
  913. exiftool "-FileName&lt;CreateDate" -d "%Y%m%d_%H%M%S.%%e" <i>DIR</i>
  914. </pre></blockquote>
  915. <p>Or a new directory can be specified by setting the value of the <b>Directory</b>
  916. tag. For example, the following command moves all images originally in
  917. directory <i>"<code>DIR</code>"</i> into a directory hierarchy organized by
  918. year/month/day:</p>
  919. <blockquote><pre>
  920. exiftool "-Directory&lt;DateTimeOriginal" -d "%Y/%m/%d" <i>DIR</i>
  921. </pre></blockquote>
  922. <p><a href="filename.html">Read here</a> for more details about this powerful
  923. feature.</p>
  924. <h2><a name="performance">Improving Performance</a></h2>
  925. <p>There is a significant overhead in loading ExifTool, so performance may be
  926. greatly improved by taking advantage of ExifTool's batch processing capabilities
  927. (the ability to process multiple files or entire directories with a single
  928. command) to reduce the number of executed commands when performing complex
  929. operations or processing multiple files.<span class=sm><sup>&dagger;</sup></span>
  930. <i>[One exiftool user <a href="http://www.christian-etter.de/?p=458">documented
  931. a 60x speed increase</a> by processing a large number of files with a single
  932. command instead of running exiftool separately on each file.]</i> Also, the
  933. <code>-execute</code> option may be used to perform multiple independent
  934. operations with a single invocation of exiftool, and together with the
  935. <code>-stay_open</code> option provides a method for calling applications to
  936. avoid this startup overhead.</p>
  937. <p>The processing speed of ExifTool can be improved when extracting information
  938. by reducing the amount of work that it must do. Decrease the number of
  939. extracted tags by specifying them individually (<code>-TAG</code>) or by group
  940. (<code>-GROUP:all</code>), and disable the composite tags (<code>-e</code>) and
  941. the print conversions (<code>-n</code>) if these features aren't required. Note
  942. that the exclude options (<code>-x</code> or <code>--TAG</code>) are not very
  943. efficient, and may have a negative impact on performance if a large number of
  944. tags are excluded individually.</p>
  945. <p>The <code>-fast</code> option can significantly increase speed when
  946. extracting information from JPEG images which are piped across a slow network
  947. connection. However, with this option any information in a JPEG trailer is not
  948. extracted. For more substantial speed benefits, <code>-fast2</code> may be
  949. used to also avoid extracting MakerNote information if this is not required.</p>
  950. <p>When writing, avoid copying tags (with <code>-tagsFromFile</code>) or using
  951. the <code>-if</code> or <code>-fileOrder</code> option because these will add
  952. the extra step of extracting tags from the file. Without these the write
  953. operation is accomplished with a single pass of each file.</p>
  954. <blockquote><span class=sm><sup>&dagger;</sup></span> <span class=lt>However,
  955. note that when the <code>-csv</code> option is used, information from all files
  956. is buffered in memory before the CSV output is written. This may be very memory
  957. intensive and result in poor performance when reading a large number of files in
  958. a single command.</span></blockquote>
  959. <h2><a name="library">The Image::ExifTool Perl Library Module</a></h2>
  960. <p>The "<code>exiftool</code>" script provides a command-line interface to the
  961. Image::ExifTool Perl library module which is part of the ExifTool distribution.
  962. The Image::ExifTool module can be used in any Perl script to provide easy access
  963. to meta information. Here is an example of a very simple script that uses
  964. Image::ExifTool to print out all recognized meta information in a file:</p>
  965. <blockquote><table class=box><tr><td><pre class=blk>
  966. <span class=com>#!/usr/bin/perl -w</span>
  967. use Image::ExifTool ':Public';
  968. my $file = shift or die "Please specify filename";
  969. my $info = <a href="ExifTool.html#ImageInfo">ImageInfo</a>($file);
  970. foreach (keys %$info) {
  971. print "$_ : $info-&gt;{$_}\n";
  972. }
  973. </pre></td></tr></table></blockquote>
  974. <p>Note that some tag values may be returned as SCALAR references indicating
  975. binary data. The simple script above does not handle this case.</p>
  976. <p>See the <a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool Documentation</a> for more details.</p>
  977. <h2><a name="links">Additional Documentation and Resources</a></h2>
  978. <ul>
  979. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/">ExifTool Home Page</a></li>
  980. <li><a href="faq.html">ExifTool FAQ</a></li>
  981. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/">ExifTool Forum</a></li>
  982. <li><a href="TagNames/index.html">ExifTool Tag Names</a></li>
  983. <li><a href="history.html">ExifTool Revision History</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/rss.xml">RSS feed</a>)</li>
  984. <li><a href="exiftool_pod.html">exiftool Application Documentation</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/exiftool_pod.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
  985. <li><a href="ExifTool.html">Image::ExifTool API Documentation</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifTool.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
  986. <li><a href="Shift.html">Date/Time Shift Module</a> (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Shift.pdf">download in PDF format</a>)</li>
  987. <li><a href="config.html">Sample ExifTool Configuration File</a> (custom user-defined tags)</li>
  988. <li><a href="metafiles.html">Working with Metadata Sidecar Files</a></li>
  989. <li><a href="struct.html">Reading/Writing Structured Information</a></li>
  990. <li><a href="mistakes.html">Common Mistakes when using ExifTool</a></li>
  991. <li><a href="writing.html">Comments on the Subject of Writing Meta Information</a></li>
  992. <li><a href="standards.html">Problems with current Metadata Standards</a></li>
  993. <li><a href="under.html">"Under the Hood" of ExifTool</a></li>
  994. <li><a href="canon_raw.html">Canon RAW (CRW) File Format Specification</a></li>
  995. <li><a href="MIE1.1-20070121.pdf">MIE 1.1 File Format Specification (pdf)</a></li>
  996. <li><a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/exiftool/">ExifTool SourceForge project page</a> (<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/exiftool/discussion/">alternate discussion forum</a>)</li>
  997. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/sample_images.html">JPEG Image Samples</a> (and
  998. <a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/makernote_types.html">Table of Makernote Types</a>)</li>
  999. <li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/Image-ExifTool/">Image::ExifTool at CPAN</a> (CPAN Search)</li>
  1000. <li><a href="https://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Image-ExifTool">ExifTool Bug Reports</a> (CPAN Request Tracker)</li>
  1001. <li><a href="http://www.cpantesters.org/distro/I/Image-ExifTool.html">ExifTool Test Reports</a> (CPAN Testers)</li>
  1002. </ul>
  1003. <p><b><a name="user_docs">User-contributed Documentation</a></b></p>
  1004. <ul>
  1005. <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=avpreserve+exiftool">ExifTool Tutorial</a> (video in 4 parts by <a href="http://www.avpreserve.com">AVPreserve</a>)</li>
  1006. <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9PAD7GqUag">Using the ExifTool on Linux to read/write Exif Tags to your photo collection</a> (video by <a href="http://www.linuxbyexample.org">Linux By Example</a>)</li>
  1007. <li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WchknYwbFJY">Working with jpg Metadata Comments - Exiftool - BASH - Linux Command Line</a> (video by <a href="http://www.linuxbyexample.org">Linux By Example</a>)</li>
  1008. <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/exiftool1line/files/">Useful one-line ExifTool commands</a> (.txt file)</li>
  1009. </ul>
  1010. <h3><a name="related">Related Utilities</a></h3>
  1011. <p>Below are some free utilities which take advantage of the ExifTool engine:</p>
  1012. <p><b><a name="related_win">Windows</a></b></p>
  1013. <ul>
  1014. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/~bogdan/">ExifTool GUI for Windows</a>: GUI for viewing meta information with some editing features</li>
  1015. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://www.thezeal.com/software/?Exif_Stats_Utility">Exif Stats Utility</a>: Analyzes images to tabulate apertures, exposure times, etc</li> -->
  1016. <li><a href="http://aeropic.free.fr/H&amp;B/AUTO_ISO_patcher/">Auto ISO Tool</a>: GUI front-end for ExifTool to patch Canon ISO information</li>
  1017. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://home.roadrunner.com/~dick/ExifAuto.htm">ExifAuto</a>: GUI front-end for ExifTool to perform simple operations</li> -->
  1018. <li><a href="http://www.geosetter.de/en/">GeoSetter</a>: Utility for showing and changing geo data of image files</li>
  1019. <li><a href="http://www.moonsoftware.com/exifmixer.asp">ExifMixer</a>: GUI extension for the exiftool command-line interface</li>
  1020. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://fliggs.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/exifdropper-v090902-released/">ExifDropper</a>: Graphical front-end for ExifTool with drag-and-drop</li> -->
  1021. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://gpstamper.wordpress.com/geotagger/">GPStamper Geotagger</a>: A simple Windows GUI front end for geotagging images</li> -->
  1022. <li><a href="http://www.anvo-it.de/wiki/doku.php?id=avpicfacexmptagger:main">AvPicFaceXmpTagger</a>: Write Picasa 3.5 face recognition information as XMP to your images</li>
  1023. <li><a href="http://www.ulfwood.net/Mp3TagFileData/Id3TagExifViewer.aspx">FileTagSleuth</a>: MP3, ID3 and EXIF viewer</li>
  1024. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://exifcopier.110mb.com/">Exif Copier</a>: Copy Exif data between sets of multiple images</li> -->
  1025. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://www.xtrasimplicity.info/archives/185">ExifyMe</a>: Restore Exif metadata from an original image</li> -->
  1026. <li><a href="http://mjbpix.com/automatically-move-photos-to-directories-or-folders-based-on-exif-date/">PhotoMove</a>: Automatically move photos to directories or folders based on Exif date taken</li>
  1027. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://code.google.com/p/tinyexif/">TinyExif</a>: Simple Windows GUI for ExifTool written in Python using the Qt4 toolkit</li> -->
  1028. <li><a href="http://gui2-for-exiftool.weebly.com/">GUI2 for ExifTool</a>: An ExifTool GUI with built-in editor and browser</li>
  1029. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://www.kula-shaker.ru/autojpegtrunk-english">AutoJpegTrunk</a>: Tool to remove all metadata from JPEG images</li> -->
  1030. <li><a href="http://www.advancedrenamer.com/">AdvancedRenamer</a>: Rename files and folders from metadata</li>
  1031. <li><a href="http://www.proxel.se/exif.html">Proxel EXIF Tool</a>: Photoshop plugin based on ExifTool</li>
  1032. <li><a href="http://fhotolab.de/wp/?page_id=795">EXIFCopy</a>: Copy all EXIF information between files</li>
  1033. <li><a href="http://www.abscreensavers.com/random-photo-screensaver/">Random Photo Screensaver</a>: Photo screensaver with metadata display</li>
  1034. </ul>
  1035. <p><b><a name="related_mac">Mac OS X</a></b></p>
  1036. <ul>
  1037. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/Extract%20Preview.sit">Download</a>
  1038. a stand-alone droplet to extract preview images from RAW files (thanks to Brett Gross)</li>
  1039. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/List_Exif_Metadata.zip">Download</a>
  1040. three droplets to extract information [exiftool must be installed] (thanks to Rob Lewis)</li>
  1041. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://macfidelity.de/tierprogramm/">Tierprogramm</a>: Droplet to perform some basic operations</li> -->
  1042. <li><a href="http://frozentime.se/photos/macmetamod.html">MacMetaMod</a>: Droplet for adding Keywords to images</li>
  1043. <li><a href="http://www.earlyinnovations.com/gpsphotolinker/">GPSPhotoLinker</a>: Geotagging on the Mac</li>
  1044. <!-- seems to be dead: <li><a href="http://www.scriptamac.at/geotaggingactions.html">Geotagging Automator Action</a>: Application to geotag images from GPX tracks</li> -->
  1045. <li><a href="http://www.mmisoftware.co.uk/pages/photogpseditor.php">PhotoGPSEditor</a> and <a href="http://www.mmisoftware.co.uk/pages/photoinfoeditor.php">PhotoInfoEditor</a>: Geocoding utilities</li>
  1046. <li><a href="http://automatorworld.com/archives/metadata-mover/">MetaDataMover</a> (<a href="https://github.com/Mortimerp9/MetaDataMover">source</a>): GUI-based automator utility for moving/renaming images</li>
  1047. <li><a href="http://www.lintburger.com/softwares#CS1ToCR2">CS1ToCR2</a>: Utility that uses Sony GPS-CS1 log files to add GPS information to CR2 images</li>
  1048. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://82.94.219.20/~marcvos/software/realbasic/sed.html">SetEXIFData</a>: Utility to set EXIF data</li> -->
  1049. <li><a href="http://craig.stanton.net.nz/code/geotagger/">Geotagger</a>: Droplet for inserting GPS coordinates in your photos</li>
  1050. <li><a href="http://www.raw-photo-processor.com/RPP/Overview.html">Raw Photo Processor</a>: Raw converter for Mac OS X</li>
  1051. <li><a href="http://www.lemkesoft.com/content/188/graphicconverter.html">GraphicConverter</a>: Full-featured image editor <i>[noteworthy, but not free]</i></li>
  1052. <li><a href="http://www.saltpepper.net/geotag/">GeoTag</a>: Geotagging application for iPhone and OS X</li>
  1053. <li><a href="http://imagefuser.sourceforge.net/">ImageFuser</a>: Fuses multiple exposures of a scene into one image with improved detail/exposure</li>
  1054. <li><a href="http://www.theoneandonlysepp.com/gnt/">GeoNamesTagger</a>: Docklet to easily update image metadata with location specific information</li>
  1055. </ul>
  1056. <p><b><a name="related_linux">Linux</a></b></p>
  1057. <ul>
  1058. <li><a href="http://kde-apps.org/content/show.php?content=30971">rawimage:</a> A kfile plugin and thumbnail image handler for RAW formats</li>
  1059. <!-- apparently abandonded: <li><a href="http://sagittarius.berlios.de/">Sagittarius</a>: Linux XMP metadata editor</li> -->
  1060. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://beam.at/aenima">Photo related scripts</a>: Includes EXIFInfo script to provide statistics from EXIF data</li> -->
  1061. <li><a href="http://hugin.sourceforge.net/">Hugin</a>: Panorama photo stitcher</li>
  1062. <li><a href="https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/fotopreprocessor/">FotoPreProcessor</a>: PyQt4-based frontend for exiftool to graphically edit metadata</li>
  1063. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/index.php/topic,4715.0.html">ExZenToo</a>: Script for basic ExifTool GUI using Zenity</li>
  1064. <li><a href="https://github.com/Glutanimate/PDFMtEd">PDFMted</a>: A set of bash scripts for easy viewing and editing of PDF metadata</li>
  1065. </ul>
  1066. <p><b><a name="related_multi">Multi-Platform</a></b></p>
  1067. <ul>
  1068. <li><a href="http://basepath.com/new/detail-ImageIngester.php">ImageIngester</a>: Windows and Mac OS X image workflow automator</li>
  1069. <li><a href="http://www.carto.net/projects/photoTools/gpsPhoto/">gpsPhoto</a>: Geotag your images from a GPS (GPX) track log</li>
  1070. <li><a href="https://puszcza.gnu.org.ua/projects/renrot/">renrot</a>: Perl utility to perform various processing tasks on images</li>
  1071. <li><a href="http://code.google.com/p/gpicsync/">GPicSync</a>: Windows/Linux utility to geocode photos from a GPX track log and create KML files</li>
  1072. <li><a href="http://flickfleck.googlecode.com/">FlickFleck</a>: Tool to transfer images from memory card, rotate, rename, and organize by date</li>
  1073. <!-- broken: <li><a href="http://muellerware.org/hg/gpx2exif/">gpx2exif</a>: Python script to geocode photos and produce KML files from a GPS track log</li> -->
  1074. <li><a href="http://geotag.sourceforge.net/?q=node/1">Geotag</a>: Open source Java-based geotagging application</li>
  1075. <li><a href="http://www.haplessgenius.com/photogrok/">PhotoGrok</a>: Java-based GUI front-end for ExifTool to display images organized by any EXIF tag</li>
  1076. <li><a href="http://www.xnview.com/en/xnview.html">XnView</a>: View and convert graphic files</li>
  1077. <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mapivi/">Mapivi</a>: Open-source and cross-platform picture manager</li>
  1078. <li><a href="http://www.resourcespace.org/">ResourceSpace</a>: Open source digital asset management system</li>
  1079. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/fix_corrupted_nef.html">fix_corrupted_nef</a>: Utility to fix Nikon D4/D600/D800/D800E NEF images corrupted by Nikon Transfer 1</li>
  1080. <li><a href="https://hvdwolf.github.io/pyExifToolGUI/">pyExifToolGUI</a>: Python-based graphical frontend for ExifTool</li>
  1081. <li><a href="https://github.com/avpreserve/mdqc">MDQC</a>: <a href="http://www.avpreserve.com/avpsresources/tools/">AVPreserve tool</a> for metadata quality control across large numbers of digital assets</li>
  1082. <li><a href="http://fastphototagger.sourceforge.net/about.html">FastPhotoTagger</a>: Add metadata to images (requires Java runtime engine)</li>
  1083. <li><a href="http://digi-libris.com/index.html">Digi-libris</a>: Metadata centric software for the automatic organization of your own catalogue</li>
  1084. </ul>
  1085. <p><b><a name="related_online">Online</a></b></p>
  1086. <ul>
  1087. <li><a href="http://regex.info/exif.cgi">Jeffrey's Exif Viewer</a>: Web utility to view meta information in online images</li>
  1088. <li><a href="http://www.thexifer.net/">The eXif.er</a>: Web-based EXIF editor</li>
  1089. <!-- dead <li><a href="http://www.exif-search.com/">exif Photo Search</a>: Search the internet for photos base on EXIF metadata</li> -->
  1090. </ul>
  1091. <p><b><a name="related_lightroom">Lightroom Plugins</a></b></p>
  1092. <ul>
  1093. <li><a href="http://regex.info/blog/lightroom-goodies/gps">Jeffrey's Geoencoding Plugin for Lightroom</a>: Geoencode your photos from within Lightroom</li>
  1094. <li><a href="http://regex.info/blog/lightroom-goodies/metadata-wrangler/">Metadata Wrangler</a>: Strip selected metadata components from images as they are exported</li>
  1095. <li><a href="http://www.robcole.com/Rob/ProductsAndServices/ExifMetaLrPlugin/">ExifMeta</a>: Make all exif metadata available in Lightroom for lib filtering and smart collections</li>
  1096. <li><a href="http://chaoliu12.wordpress.com/fullmetaexport-lightroom-plugin/">FullMetaExport</a>: Export JPEG images from Lightroom with full metadata</li>
  1097. <li><a href="http://www.essl.de/wp/software/lenstagger-lightroom-plugin/">LensTagger</a>: Add EXIF information like aperture and focal length for manual lenses</li>
  1098. <li><a href="http://tim.jagenberg.info/projects/deaspect/">DeAspect:</a> Remove aspect ratio information from DNG, CR2 and ORF images to restore full image</li>
  1099. <li><a href="https://github.com/flingo64/PhotoStation-Upload-Lr-Plugin">PhotoStation-Upload-Lr-Plugin</a>: Export photos from LR directly to a Synology PhotoStation</li>
  1100. </ul>
  1101. <p><b><a name="related_prog">Programming</a></b></p>
  1102. <ul>
  1103. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/cpp_exiftool/">C++ ExifTool</a>: Performance-oriented C++ interface for the exiftool application (by Phil Harvey)</li>
  1104. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/get_tags.sit">Download</a> sample AppleScript to extract tags into AppleScript record (thanks to Rob Lewis)</li>
  1105. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifToolWrapper.zip">Download</a> example of a simple Visual C++ wrapper for exiftool (thanks Mark Borg and &#40643;&#29790;&#26124;)</li>
  1106. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ExifToolWrapper_cs.zip">Download</a> C# version of simple exiftool wrapper (thanks Willem Semmelink)</li>
  1107. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/modExiftool_101.zip">Download</a> Visual Basic 6.0 example script v1.01 for reading tags with exiftool (thanks Michael Wandel)</li>
  1108. <li><a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/vb_sample.html">Sample VB.NET subroutine</a> to extract a preview image (thanks Claus Beckmann)</li>
  1109. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/index.php/topic,5857.0.html">ExifToolIO</a>: .NET wrapper for ExifTool, optimized for speed (using VB.NET)</li>
  1110. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/index.php/topic,5262.0.html">ExifToolWrapper</a>: .NET wrapper for ExifTool (using C#)</li>
  1111. <li><a href="http://gitorious.org/mini_exiftool">MiniExiftool</a>: Ruby library wrapper for ExifTool</li>
  1112. <li><a href="https://github.com/mceachen/exiftoolr">exiftoolr</a>: Ruby wrapper for ExifTool</li>
  1113. <li><a href="http://smarnach.github.com/pyexiftool/">pyexiftool</a>: Python wrapper for ExifTool</li>
  1114. <li><a href="https://github.com/guinslym/pyexifinfo">PyExifInfo</a>: Another Python wrapper for ExifTool</li>
  1115. <li><a href="https://github.com/romainneutron/PHPExiftool">PHPExiftool</a>: PHP wrapper for ExifTool (in development)</li>
  1116. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/index.php/topic,5381.0.html">ExifTool_PHP_StayOpen</a>: ExifTool PHP fast processing script using -stayOpen and Gearman</li>
  1117. <li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/moss/">Moss</a>: Collection of Java utilities which includes an exiftool interface</li>
  1118. <li><a href="http://im4java.sourceforge.net">im4java</a>: Java interface to ImageMagick, ExifTool, and other image utilities</li>
  1119. <li><a href="http://www.thebuzzmedia.com/software/exiftool-enhanced-java-integration-for-exiftool/">Java ExifTool</a>: Enhanced Java Integration for ExifTool</li>
  1120. <li><a href="https://bitbucket.org/P_W999/j-exiftool/wiki/Home">J-ExifTool</a>: Open-source, cross platform Java7 library to read/write Exif tags in images</li>
  1121. <li><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/~bogdan/articles/delphi01.html">How to call ExifTool from Delphi</a>, by Bogdan Hrastnik</li>
  1122. </ul>
  1123. <h3><a name="other_links">Other Links</a></h3>
  1124. <ul>
  1125. <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150419003745/http://www.ebv4linux.de/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=26">An interview with Phil Harvey</a> (in German), (<a href="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/PhilHarveyInterview.pdf">English translation in PDF format</a>)</li>
  1126. </ul>
  1127. <h2><a name="boldly">Boldly Go where No Man has Gone Before...</a></h2>
  1128. <p>There is still much unknown information in the maker notes for many camera
  1129. models. (To see this information, run exiftool with the <code>-U</code>
  1130. option.) In this area, ExifTool is very much a collaborative effort, and
  1131. development relies heavily on the input from camera owners to help decode new
  1132. meta information. If you manage to figure out what any of it means, send me an
  1133. e-mail (phil at owl.phy.queensu.ca) and I'll <b>add your new discoveries to
  1134. ExifTool</b>. Many thanks to all who have helped so far...</p>
  1135. <h2><a name="ack">Acknowledgements</a></h2>
  1136. <p>Thanks to everyone who has sent in bug reports, comments, or suggestions, and
  1137. special thanks to the following people for their valuable input and/or additions
  1138. to the code:</p>
  1139. <ul>
  1140. <li>Malcolm Wotton for his help with the D30 Custom Functions</li>
  1141. <li>David Anson for his help sorting out binary file problems on Windows</li>
  1142. <li>Leon Booyens for his suggestions</li>
  1143. <li>Dan Heller for his bug reports, detailed suggestions and guidance</li>
  1144. <li>Wayne Smith for his help figuring out the Pentax maker notes</li>
  1145. <li>Michael Rommel for his bug fixes and additions to the Canon maker notes</li>
  1146. <li>Joseph Heled for help figuring out some of the Nikon D70 maker notes</li>
  1147. <li>Joachim Loehr for adding the Casio type 2 maker notes</li>
  1148. <li>Greg Troxel for his suggestions and for adding ExifTool to pkgsrc</li>
  1149. <li>Thomas Walter for figuring out some Nikon tags</li>
  1150. <li>Brian Ristuccia for more information about some Nikon tags</li>
  1151. <li>Christian Koller for decoding the 20D custom functions</li>
  1152. <li>Matt Madrid for his testing and feedback</li>
  1153. <li>Tom Christiansen for his help decoding some Nikon tags</li>
  1154. <li>Markku H&auml;nninen for help decoding tags for the Olympus E-1</li>
  1155. <li>Frank Ledwon for decoding many new Olympus tags</li>
  1156. <li>Robert Rottmerhusen for decoding many tricky Nikon lens data tags</li>
  1157. <li>Michael Tiemann for decoding a number of new Canon tags</li>
  1158. <li>Albert Bogner for his image samples, testing and useful suggestions</li>
  1159. <li>Rainer H&ouml;nle for decoding a number of new Canon 5D tags</li>
  1160. <li>Nilesh Patel for his help with the web page layout</li>
  1161. <li>Jens Duttke for his suggestions, bug reports and help decoding new tags</li>
  1162. <li>Dave Nicholson for decoding new tags in Pentax and Canon maker notes</li>
  1163. <li>Bogdan Hrastnik for his feedback, decoding efforts, user support and ExifTool GUI</li>
  1164. <li>Igal Milchtaich for decoding many Sony A100 tags</li>
  1165. <li>Laurent Clevy for his work analyzing Canon RAW images</li>
  1166. <li>Warren Hatch for extensive testing and decoding of Nikon D3 tags</li>
  1167. <li>Jos Roost for decoding many Sony tags for various models</li>
  1168. <li>Iliah Borg and <a href="http://www.libraw.org/">LibRaw</a> for decoding many raw development tags</li>
  1169. </ul>
  1170. <h2><a name="license">License</a></h2>
  1171. <p>This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
  1172. same terms as <a href="http://dev.perl.org/licenses/">Perl itself</a>.</p>
  1173. <h2><a name="donate">Donate</a></h2>
  1174. <p>ExifTool is free, but due to popular request I am providing a way for
  1175. those who feel the need to send me some money. It is really not necessary,
  1176. but thank you very much if you decide to make a contribution:</p>
  1177. <blockquote>
  1178. <table>
  1179. <tr>
  1180. <td><center>
  1181. <form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="POST">
  1182. <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">
  1183. <input type="hidden" name="business" value="phil@physics.queensu.ca">
  1184. <input type="hidden" name="return" value="http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/">
  1185. <input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="ExifTool Donation">
  1186. <input type="hidden" name="no_shipping" value="1">
  1187. $<input name="amount" value="0.00" size="6">
  1188. <input type="submit" value="Donate via PayPal">
  1189. </form>
  1190. </center></td>
  1191. </tr>
  1192. </table>
  1193. </blockquote>
  1194. <h2><a name="contact">Contact Me</a></h2>
  1195. <p>If you have any comments, suggestions or questions, please post to the
  1196. <a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/">ExifTool Forum</a> so
  1197. other people may benefit from your experiences. (I check the forum at least as
  1198. often as my email.) Otherwise, if you must contact me directly, my e-mail
  1199. address is on the first line of the README file in the full distribution.
  1200. Thanks. &nbsp; - <i>Phil Harvey</i></p>
  1201. <div class=wide><table class=links><tr>
  1202. <th><a href="install.html" class=wt>&nbsp;Installing&nbsp;</a></th>
  1203. <th><a href="TagNames/index.html" class=wt>&nbsp;Tag&nbsp;Names&nbsp;</a></th>
  1204. <th><a href="#links" class=wt>&nbsp;Resources&nbsp;</a></th>
  1205. <th><a href="history.html" class=wt>&nbsp;History&nbsp;</a></th>
  1206. <th><a href="http://u88.n24.queensu.ca/exiftool/forum/" class=wt>&nbsp;Forum&nbsp;</a></th>
  1207. <th class=rt><a href="faq.html" class=wt>&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;</a></th>
  1208. </tr></table></div>
  1209. </body>
  1210. </html>